Table 1.

Growth performance and carcass characteristics as affected by major genes.

Trait		Gene function						Ambient temperature	Reference
		NaNa	Nana	FF	Ff	Na/-F/-	dw
Live body weight	4 wks		−13.1		−4.2			24°C	Fathi et al., 2005
	6 wks		+8.0					<45°C	Rajkumar et al., 2011
		+3.8	+5.7					tropical	Adomako et al., 2014a
	8 wks		+9.5	+7.4		13.8		26°C	Mahrous et al., 2008
	12 wks	+6.9	+9.3					27°C	Fathi et al., 2008
	16 wks				−2.0			21°C	El-Safty and Fathi, 2004
		+7.9						˂45°C	Rajkumar et al. 2011
	20 wks		−1.28		−0.4			32°C	El-Safty, 2006
		+17.1	+6.4						Singh et al., 2001
	40 wks Adult						−29.3	32°C	Islam, 2005
							−30/−40*	hot	Daghir, 2008
		+12.5	+13.7	−7.6	+2.7			hot	Abou-Emera et al., 2017
FCR			−5.8		−1.9	−7.0		26°C	Mahrous et al., 2008
			−0.01					>12	Rajkumar et al., 2011
			+0.01					<45	Rajkumar et al., 2011 Mahrous and El-Dlebshany, 2011
			−5.5		−3.5	−9.1		29-34
		−3.2	−5.3					tropical	Adomako et al., 2014a
							+8.5	32°C	Islam, 2005
Mortality rate		−42.8	−40.7		+8.3			tropical	Adomako et al., 2014a Adomako et al., 2014b
Dressed carcass					+0.2			21	El-Safty and Fathi, 2004
			+5.6					>12	Rajkumar et al., 2011
			+4.4					<45
		+7.5	+5.5					tropical	Adomako et al., 2014a
		+3.3	+1.9						Reddy et al., 2015
Feather		−43.2	−18.5					27°C	Fathi et al., 2008
Breast muscles		+6.4	+6.4					24–32°C	Deeb and Cahaner, 1999
					-12.8			21	El-Safty and Fathi, 2004
			+6.9					27°C	Fathi et al., 2008
		+9.5	+0.7					>12	Rajkumar et al., 2011
			+3.3					<45
		+33.1	+29.8					tropical	Adomako et al., 2014a
Drumstick					+1.2			21	El-Safty and Fathi, 2004
		+17.1	+17.1					27°C	Fathi et al., 2008
Thigh					+13.6			21	El-Safty and Fathi, 2004
		+19.8	+5.6					27°C	Fathi et al., 2008
		+5.0						˂45°C	Rajkumar et al. 2011
		+8.2	+4.9					tropical	Reddy et al., 2015
Giblets					−1.7			21	El-Safty and Fathi, 2004
		+16.5	+13.0					27°C	Fathi et al., 2008
			+14.2					>12°C	Rajkumar et al. 2011
			+5.6					˂45°C
Abdominal fat					−79.3			21	El-Safty and Fathi, 2004
		−59.6	−49.5					27°C	Fathi et al., 2008
			−6.3					>12°C	Rajkumar et al. 2011
			−20.4					˂45°C

Blank cell indicates data not available, Gene function = (genotype having a mutation –normal case/normal case) × 100, FCR = feed conversion ratio,

^⁎Reduction% in females and males, respectively.