Table 3.

Univariate Spearman correlations between PIMD items and expert clinician pain intensity rating (N = 88, intensity during movement, such as transferring and ambulating)^*

Item #	Brief Description	r	Item #	Brief Description	r	Item #	Brief Description	r
32	Expressive eyes	0.63	18	Sighing	0.25	15	Fetal position	0.08
14	Rigid/ stiff	0.50	27	Flinching	0.24	08	Pulling away	0.08
33	Consolability	0.45	31	Crying, tearful	0.23	19	Repeated calling out	0.07
28	Grimacing	0.42	01	Agitated, upset	0.20	07	Resisting movement	0.00
12	Bracing	0.41	11	Guarding	0.18	02	Restlessness	0.00
17	Groaning/moaning/ grunting	0.40	23	Screaming	0.17	09	Resisting care	−0.01
29	Frowning	0.39	21	Whining	0.15	30	Clenched jaw	−0.02
22	Complaining	0.38	16	Moving slowly or stiffly	0.14	10	Rubbing	−0.10
20	Protesting	0.28	04	Irritable, cranky	0.08

PIMD = Pain Intensity Measure for Persons with Dementia.

^*Limited to 88 subjects with complete cases for all PIMD items.