Table 2.

Alternative model test results for the study variables.

Model	χ 2	df	RMSEA	CFI	TFI	SRMR
Five-factor	291.898	199	0.072	0.960	0.953	0.055
Four-factor	562.223	203	0.142	0.839	0.817	0.123
Three-factor	829.399	206	0.185	0.720	0.687	0.161
Two-factor	972.411	208	0.204	0.657	0.619	0.176
One-factor	1317.674	209	0.246	0.503	0.450	0.197

Five-factor model: digital leadership, digital entrepreneurial orientation, digital organizational culture, exploratory innovation, and big data analytics capabilities; four-factor model: based on the five-factor model, with digital leadership and exploratory innovation combined into one factor; three-factor model: combining digital leadership, exploratory innovation, and digital entrepreneurship orientation into one factor; two-factor model: digital leadership, exploratory innovation, digital entrepreneurial orientation, and digital organizational culture combined into one factor; one-factor model: all items load on a single factor.