Dimension	Items	Factor loading
Innovativeness	I1. In general, our company favors a strong emphasis on the marketing and innovation of tried-and-true products or services	0.707
	I2. In the past 3 years, our company has launched and sold a series of new products or services	0.845
Proactiveness	P1. In dealing with its competitors, we typically respond to actions which competitors initiate	0.739
	P2. In dealing with its competitors, we always the first business to introduce new products/services, administrative techniques, operating technologies, etc.	0.789
	P3. In dealing with its competitors, we usually take action first, and then competitors follow up or respond	0.810
Risk-taking	RT1. We have a strong proclivity for high-risk projects (with normal and certain rates of return)	0.757
	RT2. We tend to take bold and quick actions to achieve their goals.	0.838
	RT3. When confronted with decision-making situations involving uncertainty, we tend to take a bold and positive attitude and seize potential opportunities	0.778
Agility	A1. We are quick and implement appropriate decisions in the face of market/customer changes	0.721
	A2. We constantly look for ways to reinvent/reengineer our organization to better serve our market place	0.861
	A3. We treat market-related changes and apparent chaos as opportunities to capitalize quickly	0.717