Table 5.

Refractive outcomes in the long eyes, over 24.5 mm (n = 102)

Formula	Optimized constant	MPE ± SD (D)	MedAE (D)	MAE (D)	MaxAE (D)	PE (%) <
						0.25 D	0.50 D	0.75 D	1.00 D
New formulas
B II	2.00	−0.08 ± 0.372	0.25	0.30	1.10	49.0	83.3	95.1	99.0
BTAL	1.97	−0.06 ± 0.357	0.23	0.29	0.86	52.0	82.4	96.1	100.0
EVO	119.12	0.06 ± 0.360	0.24	0.29	0.85	52.9	78.0	98.0	100.0
Hill-RBFa	119.22	−0.15 ± 0.368	0.29	0.32	1.48	45.1	82.4	96.1	99.0
Hoffer QST	5.72	−0.03 ± 0.361	0.25	0.29	1.12	50.0	80.4	99.0	99.0
HOL2	5.65	0.13 ± 0.375	0.28	0.32	0.79	46.1	73.5	96.1	100.0
HOL2-NLR	5.64	0.00 ± 0.374	0.24	0.30	1.15	52.0	80.4	96.1	99.0
K6	119.22	−0.13 ± 0.361	0.25	0.30	1.31	50.0	80.4	96.1	99.0
Kane	119.19	−0.03 ± 0.376	0.25	0.29	1.38	50.0	79.4	97.1	99.0
Olsen	4.74	−0.11 ± 0.376	0.27	0.31	1.22	49.0	78.4	95.1	99.0
P-DGS	118.60	0.00 ± 0.362	0.25	0.29	0.96	51.0	80.4	98.0	100.0
T2	119.24	−0.04 ± 0.375	0.27	0.31	0.89	45.1	81.4	95.1	100.0
VRF	5.70	0.02 ± 0.392	0.21	0.30	1.40	52.9	76.5	97.1	99.0
Traditional formulas
Haigis	b	−0.02 ± 0.394	0.25	0.32	0.88	50.0	75.5	94.1	100.0
Hoffer Q	5.75	0.06 ± 0.423	0.27	0.34	1.01	47.1	73.5	88.2	99.0
Holladay 1	1.98	−0.01 ± 0.391	0.27	0.32	1.09	49.0	73.5	96.1	98.2
SRK/T	119.25	0.02 ± 0.412	0.27	0.33	0.93	46.1	72.6	96.1	100.0

B II = Barrett Universal II; BTAL = Barrett True Axial Length; EVO = Emmetropia Verifying Optical; HOL2 = Holladay 2; HOL2-NLR = Holladay 2 with the nonlinear regression; MAE = mean absolute error; MaxAE = maximal absolute error; MedAE = median absolute error; MPE = mean prediction error; P-DGS = PEARL-DGS; PE = prediction error

^aOnly 98 eyes were measured, with 4 long eyes out of bounds of the pattern recognition grid

^bHaigis constants (a0 = 0.623, a1 = 0.323, and a2 = 0.149)