TABLE 1.
Study Population Characteristics
| No CSF shunt (n = 47) | CSF shunt (n = 23) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age at hemispheric surgery (yr) | 5.4 (8) | 2.5 (2) | .013a |
| Sex | 1.000 | ||
| Female | 18 (38.3%) | 9 (39.1%) | |
| Male | 29 (61.7%) | 14 (60.9%) | |
| Hemispheric surgery side | .606 | ||
| Left | 29 (61.7%) | 12 (52.2%) | |
| Right | 18 (38.3%) | 11 (47.8%) | |
| Hemispheric surgery type | 1.000 | ||
| Anatomic | 2 (4.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Functional | 45 (95.7%) | 23 (100.0%) | |
| Etiology | |||
| Malformation of cortical development | 25 (53.2%) | 13 (56.5%) | 1.000 |
| Rasmussen's encephalitis | 12 (25.5%) | 1 (4.3%) | .048a |
| Porencephalic cyst/stroke | 3 (6.4%) | 3 (13.0%) | .387 |
| Others/nonlesional | 7 (14.9%) | 6 (26.1%) | .330 |
| Posthemispheric surgery MLBS (mm)b | 5.3 ± 4.9 | 6.6 ± 3.5 | .261 |
| Months from hemispheric surgery to initial postoperative imaging | 0.3 (0.0-125.9) | 0.2 (0.0-71.6) | .125 |
| Preshunt MLBS (mm) | — | 7.3 ± 3.5 | — |
| Months from hemispheric surgery to preshunt imaging | — | 4.2 (0.0-115.3) | — |
| Postshunt MLBS (mm) | — | 11.4 ± 9.5 | — |
| Months from hemispheric surgery to postshunt imaging | — | 14.2 (0.4-190.7) | — |
| Last follow-up MLBS (mm)c | 9.7 ± 6.6 | 16.3 ± 9.4 | .001a |
| Months from hemispheric surgery to last follow-up | 29.1 (6.0-167.5) | 72.1 (6.2-226.9) | .002a |
| Time-matched last follow-up MLBS (mm)c,d | 9.5 ± 7.0 | 15.4 ± 10.4 | .049a |
| Time-matched months from hemispheric surgery to last follow-upd | 37.7 (12.3-84.0) | 38.8 (17.7-77.0) | .151 |
| Seizure freedom | .114 | ||
| Yes | 34 (72.3%) | 12 (52.2%) | |
| No | 13 (27.7%) | 11 (47.8%) |
ANCOVA, analysis of covariance; MLBS, midline brain shift.
a
p < .05.
b
Comparisons based on ANCOVA controlling for time from hemispheric surgery to initial postoperative imaging.
c
Comparisons based on ANCOVA controlling for time from hemispheric surgery to last follow-up and initial posthemispheric surgery MLBS.
d
Only includes players with follow-up durations between 1.0 and 7.0 years, which represent the first and third quartile of the entire cohort.
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation, mean (interquartile range), median (range), or number of patients (%).