Table 4.

Comparison of demographic and serological features between anti-DFS70-positive and anti-DFS70-negative adult SLE patients in the present study versus other referral SLE cohorts.

	Present study	Mahler et al. (12)	Choi et al. (9)	Aragón et al. (16)
Country of residence	China	Canada	Canada, USA, Mexico, UK, Iceland, Sweden, Scotland UK, Spain, Denmark, Turkey, Korea	Colombia
SLE sample size	851	251	1,137	64
Prevalence of anti-DFS70 (%)	20.7 a	2.8 b	7.1 b	12.5 c
Prevalence of monospecific anti-DFS70 (%)	1.2 a	0.4 b	1.1 b	3.1 c
Demographic features
Age	*↓	NS	NS	/
Sex	NS	NS	NS	/
Disease duration	NS	NS	NS	/
SLEDAI-2K	NS	NS d	NS	NS d
Serology
Anti-dsDNA	***↑	NS	S↓	S↓
Anti-C1q	***↑	NS	/	/
Anti-Sm	NS	NS	NS	NS
Anti-nRNP/Sm	*↑	NS	S↓	NS
Anti-Ro52	NS	/	NS	/
Anti-SSA/Ro60	NS	NS	S↓	NS
Anti-SSB/La	NS	NS	S↓	NS
Anti-PCNA	***↑	/	NS	/
Anti-Rib-P	NS	/	NS	/
Anticardiolipin	NS	/	/	NS
C3	***↓	/	/	***↑
CRP	NS	/	/	NS
ESR	**↑	/	/	*↓

Boldfaced characters are the events showing non-uniform tendencies in various studies.

C3, complement 3; CRP, C-reactive protein; DFS70, dense fine speckles 70; ds-DNA, double-stranded DNA; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; Rib-P, ribosomal-P; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; SLEDAI, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index; SLEDAI-2K, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000; “↑” positively associated to patients with anti-DFS70 antibodies; “↓” negatively associated to patients with anti-DFS70 antibodies; “/” no data; NS, no significance; S, statistical significance (specific p-value was not reported).

^*p < 0.05; ^**p < 0.01; ^***p < 0.001.

^aAnti-DFS70 antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

^bAnti-DFS70 antibodies were measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay.

^cAnti-DFS70 antibodies were measured by immunofluorescence immunoadsorption.

^dStudy used SLEDAI score instead of SLEDAI-2K score.