Skip to main content
. 2022 Sep 28;79:103033. doi: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.103033

Table 4.

The results obtained by the unit root test.

Empty Cell ADF test
Form Test statistic P-Value
L Stock Index Level −2.325 0.81
Empty Cell First diff −3.255 0.0075
L Oil Price Level −4.5 0.08
L Gold Price Level −3.215 0.46
Empty Cell First diff −7.325 0.0000