Table 2.

HRV measures during an n-back performance before and after yoga breathing. Values are group mean ± SD (n = 40).

Session	Variables	0-Back		1-Back		2-Back
		Pre	Post	Pre	Post	Pre	Post
Frequency domain measures
ANB	LF(nu)	53.93 ± 22.20	61.17 ± 19.74**	56.21 ± 17.09	62.36 ± 17.43*	58.92 ± 21.82	63.20 ± 17.10*
	HF(nu)	45.95 ± 22.11	38.73 ± 19.68**	43.65 ± 17.05	37.48 ± 17.37*	41.00 ± 21.82	36.66 ± 17.09*
	LF-HF ratio	1.81 ± 1.59	2.73 ± 3.02*	1.76 ± 1.49	2.34 ± 1.81	2.33 ± 1.99	2.53 ± 2.40
RNB	LF(nu)	52.25 ± 19.23	57.81 ± 15.82*	56.87 ± 17.66	62.28 ± 15.58	58.57 ± 14.38	64.69 ± 16.50
	HF(nu)	47.60 ± 19.12	42.00 ± 15.75*	43.02 ± 17.63	37.56 ± 15.56	41.30 ± 14.36	35.16 ± 16.49
	LF-HF ratio	1.87 ± 3.02	1.98 ± 2.35	1.80 ± 1.35	2.14 ± 1.42	1.72 ± 0.99	2.60 ± 1.84**
BAW	LF(nu)	53.44 ± 17.65	56.60 ± 20.72	56.38 ± 18.91	57.47 ± 18.27	57.00 ± 19.52	59.58 ± 12.96
	HF(nu)	46.40 ± 17.63	43.31 ± 20.70	43.46 ± 18.89	42.29 ± 18.37	42.82 ± 19.58	40.27 ± 13.06
	LF-HF ratio	1.57 ± 1.46	2.02 ± 1.92	2.00 ± 2.12	1.91 ± 1.51	1.77 ± 1.10	1.76 ± 1.08
Time domain measures
ANB	Mean HR	71.45 ± 8.71	73.00 ± 8.93	74.91 ± 10.10	74.99 ± 9.44	75.40 ± 10.07	75.60 ± 9.12
	Mean RR	853.10 ± 109.09	839.71 ± 116.04	820.79 ± 117.02	817.61 ± 113.62	813.55 ± 113.67	810.43 ± 105.06
	NN50	80.23 ± 51.78	70.08 ± 50.78	75.08 ± 56.68	67.41 ± 44.08	66.13 ± 58.52	67.87 ± 47.93
	pNN50	29.80 ± 20.392	25.95 ± 19.442*	26.63 ± 20.315	24.09 ± 17.656	21.26 ± 18.682	22.83 ± 17.821
	RMSSD	55.44 ± 27.84	50.92 ± 26.55 *	52.93 ± 28.93	50.30 ± 27.11	46.40 ± 23.45	46.98 ± 24.15
RNB	Mean HR	71.08 ± 8.91	72.10 ± 8.50	73.34 ± 8.66	73.50 ± 8.45	74.44 ± 8.44	74.69 ± 7.80
	Mean RR	862.54 ± 108.81	848.41 ± 104.30	834.25 ± 103.59	833.00 ± 99.45	820.97 ± 97.94	816.85 ± 92.17
	NN50	85.26 ± 50.20	66.13 ± 38.28	78.26 ± 47.46	69.54 ± 42.44	67.90 ± 45.64	62.21 ± 42.91
	pNN50	31.31 ± 18.862	24.34 ± 14.830**	26.88 ± 16.155	24.92 ± 16.282	21.94 ± 14.959	20.58 ± 14.656
	RMSSD	60.60 ± 31.04	51.26 ± 25.30 **	56.32 ± 23.61	52.25 ± 28.14	48.06 ± 20.30	43.40 ± 18.74
BAW	Mean HR	72.50 ± 8.94	72.04 ± 7.83	73.18 ± 8.95	73.89 ± 7.76	74.43 ± 8.67	74.97 ± 7.71
	Mean RR	844.48 ± 99.74	848.84 ± 91.06	835.25 ± 101.27	824.97 ± 86.40	821.60 ± 98.19	813.18 ± 82.99
	NN50	86.00 ± 53.33	73.69 ± 51.12*	79.77 ± 59.02	71.28 ± 49.30*	70.46 ± 55.77	65.33 ± 50.53**
	pNN50	31.45 ± 19.850	27.75 ± 20.575	28.37 ± 21.502	25.05 ± 17.931	23.17 ± 19.034	21.41 ± 16.740
	RMSSD	60.41 ± 35.40	60.17 ± 42.01	55.77 ± 37.16	53.73 ± 28.18	52.13 ± 29.17	49.58 ± 26.98

*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (two-tailed test) = BS/D1, BS/D2, BS/D3.