TABLE 3.
Results of Univariate Analysis of csRFS and rPFS for Patient Characteristics, IPMN Variables, and PanIN Variables
| Variables | n (%) or Mean (SD) | csRFS | rPFS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Events (n) | HR (95% Cl) | P | Events (n) | HR (95% Cl) | P | ||
| Patient characteristics (n = 126) | |||||||
| Total cohort | 126 (100) | 19 | — | — | 30 | — | — |
| Age, mean (SD) | 66.85 (11.78) | 19 | 1.01 (0.97–1.05) | 0.61 | 30 | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) | 0.21 |
| Sex | |||||||
| Male | 64 (50.79) | 13 | 1 | 18 | 1 | ||
| Female | 62 (49.21) | 6 | 0.45 (0.17–1.17) | 0.10 | 12 | 0.64 (0.31–1.32) | 0.23 |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 26.18 (4.58) | 19 | 1.07 (0.97–1.18) | 0.18 | 30 | 1.11 (1.03 −1.2) | 0.007 |
| Missing | 4 (3.17) | ||||||
| Smoker | |||||||
| Never | 48 (38.1) | 8 | 1 | 12 | 1 | ||
| Former/current | 78 (61.9) | 11 | 1.06 (0.42–2.63) | 0.91 | 18 | 1.33 (0.64–2.76) | 0.45 |
| Diabetes (preop) | |||||||
| No | 107 (84.92) | 16 | 1 | 24 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 19 (15.08) | 3 | 1.16 (0.34–3.97) | 0.82 | 6 | 1.95 (0.79–4.79) | 0.15 |
| Alcohol | |||||||
| Never/rare | 96 (76.19) | 15 | 1 | 25 | 1 | ||
| Frequent/former | 27 (21.43) | 3 | 0.69 (0.2–2.38) | 0.56 | 5 | 0.82 (0.31–2.15) | 0.68 |
| Missing | 3 (2.38) | ||||||
| Family history pancreatic cancer | |||||||
| No | 104 (82.54) | 11 | 1 | 24 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 22 (17.46) | 8 | 2.8 (1.12–6.96) | 0.03 | 6 | 0.89 (0.36–2.18) | 0.80 |
| Previous other malignancy or neoplasm | |||||||
| No | 80 (63.49) | 13 | 1 | 19 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 46 (36.51) | 6 | 0.94 (0.36–2.49) | 0.91 | 11 | 1.2 (0.57 −2.54) | 0.63 |
| Surgical procedure | |||||||
| Whipple | 90 (71.43) | 15 | 1 | 21 | 1 | ||
| distal/central | 36 (28.57) | 4 | 0.62 (0.21–1.88) | 0.40 | 9 | 1.02 (0.47–2.24) | 0.96 |
| Margin | |||||||
| Negative | 36 (28.57) | 2 | 1 | 7 | 1 | ||
| Positive | 90 (71.43) | 17 | 3.58 (0.83–15.49) | 0.09 | 23 | 1.6 (0.68–3.73) | 0.28 |
| IPMN variables (n = 126) | |||||||
| Largest size, cm, mean (SD) | 2.5 (1.58) | 19 | 0.95 (0.67–1.35) | 0.78 | 30 | 0.99 (0.75–1.3) | 0.94 |
| Missing | 1 (0.79) | ||||||
| Duct involvement (preop imaging) | |||||||
| Main/mixed | 34 (26.98) | 5 | 1 | 5 | 1 | ||
| Branch | 92 (73.02) | 14 | 0.75 (0.27–2.10) | 0.59 | 25 | 1.11 (0.42–2.92) | 0.83 |
| Papillary growth | |||||||
| No/focal | 68 (53.97) | 9 | 1 | 17 | 1 | ||
| Moderate/extensive | 45 (35.71) | 8 | 1.25 (0.48–3.25) | 0.64 | 8 | 0.68 (0.29–1.58) | 0.37 |
| Missing | 13 (10.32) | ||||||
| Predominant grade of dysplasia | |||||||
| Low/intermediate | 112 (88.89) | 16 | 1 | 26 | not performed | ||
| High | 4 (3.17) | 1 | 1.75 (0.23–13.32) | 0.59 | 0 | ||
| Missing | 10 (7.94) | ||||||
| Highest grade of dysplasia | |||||||
| Low/intermediate | 83 (65.87) | 8 | 1 | 19 | 1 | ||
| High | 41 (32.54) | 10 | 3.15 (1.24–7.98) | 0.02 | 10 | 1.44 (0.67–3.11) | 0.35 |
| Missing | 2 (1.59) | ||||||
| Prevalence of highest grade of dysplasia | |||||||
| Focal | 49 (38.89) | 7 | 1 | 13 | 1 | ||
| Multifocal/extensive | 68 (53.97) | 10 | 1.04 (0.4–2.74) | 0.93 | 13 | 0.6 (0.28–1.3) | 0.20 |
| Missing | 9 (7.14) | ||||||
| Multifocal (≧2 IPMN) | |||||||
| No | 76 (60.32) | 10 | 1 | 15 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 50 (39.68) | 9 | 1.37 (0.55–3.37) | 0.50 | 15 | 1.63 (0.79–3.35) | 0.18 |
| Diffuse gland involvement (≧ 2/3) | |||||||
| No | 82 (65.08) | 11 | 1 | 23 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 15 (11.9) | 2 | 1.17 (0.26–5.3) | 0.84 | 3 | 0.92 (0.27–3.07) | 0.89 |
| Missing | 29 (23.02) | ||||||
| PanIN variables (n = 126) | |||||||
| Synchronous PanIN lesion present | |||||||
| No | 24 (19.05) | 4 | 1 | 5 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 102 (80.95) | 15 | 0.78 (0.26–2.35) | 0.66 | 25 | 0.59 (0.23–1.56) | 0.29 |
| No. of lesions | |||||||
| <5 | 68 (53.97) | 10 | 1 | 15 | 1 | ||
| ≧5 | 54 (42.86) | 9 | 1.31 (0.53–3.24) | 0.55 | 14 | 1.31 (0.63–2.71) | 0.47 |
| Missing | 4 (3.17) | ||||||
| Highest grade of dysplasia | |||||||
| Low/intermediate | 95 (75.4) | 13 | 1 | 22 | 1 | ||
| High | 6 (4.76) | 2 | 2.95 (0.66–13.14) | 0.16 | 3 | 2.39 (0.71 −8.03) | 0.16 |
| Missing | 25 (19.84) | ||||||
BMI indicates body mass index; SD, standard deviation. Missing data were not included in the analysis.