Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Author/year/Country | Garrote et al. 1995 Cuba |
Sankaranarayanan et al. 2002 Cuba |
Pei-Shan Ho et al., 2019 Taiwan |
Chuang et al. 2017 Taiwan |
Morikawa et al. 2020 Japan |
Sankaranarayanan et al. 2013 India |
Su et al. 2010 Taiwan |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study design | Repeated cross-sectional | Case control study | Retrospective cohort study | Population based cohort study | Cohort study | Cluster RCT Clusters randomized at municipal level |
RCT | |
| Intervention | National screening program, conducted by dentists | Determination of screening history in advanced OC cases, part of the national screening program | Analysis of Taiwan Oral mucosal screening program | Invitational screening by medical healthcare workers | Countermeasure screening (Invitational) | House visit screening by trained healthcare workers | TB staining for detection of OC and OPMD | |
| Control | Routine care, data taken from national cancer registry | Three (3) healthy participants per each advanced OC case were recruited | Individuals without screening history who were reported to have OC | Data linked to National cancer registry used to identify cases in the control group, who did not attend screening | Opportunistic screening | Routine care | Placebo dye staining for detection of OC and OPMD | |
| Endpoints measured | OC incidence OC mortality |
OC late-stage incidence | OPMD incidence OC incidence OC late-stage incidence OC mortality |
OPMD incidence OC incidence OC late-stage incidence OC mortality |
OPMD incidence OC incidence |
OC incidence OC late-stage incidence OC mortality |
OMPD incidence OC incidence |
|
| Sample size | IG | 12 990 677 | 200 | 11 725 | 2 933 402 | 19 721 | 96 517 | 4 080 |
| CG | 84 228 675 | 600 | 6 900 | 1 900 094 | 29 912 | 93 355 | 3 895 | |
| Inclusion criteria | >=15 years | IG- late-stage OC CG- healthy individuals residing withing 200 m of the matched OC case |
>=30 years with risk factors (tobacco use) | >=18 years with risk factors (tobacco use) | >=40 years | >=35 years | >=15 years with risk factors (tobacco use) | |
| Compliance with intervention | Males- 11.9 % − 20.1 % Females- 19.9 % − 26.8 % | Not reported | Not reported | 55 % | Not reported | IG- 92 % CG for 1 round of screening- 46 % |
77.60 % | |
| Intervention period reported | IG | 1984–1990 | 1 January 1994 – 17 July 1997 | 2008–2015 | 2004–2012 | 1992–2018 | 1996–2008 | January 2000- December 2000 |
| CG | 1984–1990 | 1 January 1994 – 17 July1997 | 2008–2015 | 2004–2012 | 2006–2018 | Routine care-1996–2005 Screened from 2006 to 2008 |
January 2000- December 2000 | |
| Number of screening rounds | IG | Not reported | 0–2 | 1 -more than 3 | 3 | 1–3 times per year | 1–4 | 1 |
| CG | Not reported | 0–2 | 0 | 0 | Annually or as required | 0–1 | 1 | |
| Follow up for screen positive cases- definition | Referral to a specialist surgeon or oncologist | Referral to a specialist surgeon or oncologist | Referral to a specialist surgeon or oncologist | Referral to a specialist surgeon or oncologist | Referral to a specialist surgeon or oncologist | Referral to a specialist surgeon or oncologist | Referral to a specialist surgeon or oncologist | |
| Follow up compliance rate | 25–34 % | Not reported | Not reported | 91.10 % | Not reported | 59 % | IG- 82.3 % CG- 91 % | |