Table 3.
Summary of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) results for the Upper Extremity (UE) and the Lower Extremity (LE) and the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) results reported in the individual studies for the Neurofeedback Training (NFT) and Control (C) groups
| Study | FMA-UE (NFT) | FMA-UE (NFT vs C) | FMA-LE (NFT) | FMA-LE (NFT vs C) | ARAT (total, NFT) | ARAT (sub-scores) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bhagat 2020 [65] | 3.92* | – | – | – | 5.35* | – |
| Biasiucci 2018 [22] | 6.7* | 4.6* | – | – | – | – |
| Chen 2020 [23] | 8.42* | 3.71 | – | – | – | – |
| Chowdhury 2018 [66] | – | – | – | – | 5.66* | – |
| Chowdhury 2020 [67] | – | – | – | – | 23.75* | – |
| Ibáñez 2017 [68] | 11.5 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Jovanovic 2020 [73] | 17* | – | – | – | 14* | Grasp: 3; Grip: 8; Pinch: 1; Gross Move: 4 |
| Marquez- Chin 2016 [74] | 6 | – | – | – | 0 | – |
| McCrimmon 2014 [70] | – | – | 2.44 | – | – | – |
| Mrachacz- Kersting 2016 [61] | – | – | 0.77* | – | – | – |
| Mrachacz- Kersting 2019 [26] | – | – | 8.5* | 4.5* | – | – |
| Mukaino 2014 [75] | 8 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Ono 2013 [76] | 7 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Ramos- Murguialday 2013 [4] | 3.40 | 3.45 | – | – | – | – |
| Remsik 2019 [41] | – | – | – | – | 1.3* | Grasp: 0.7; Grip: 0.1; Pinch: 0.4; Gross Move: 0 |
| Vourvopoulos 2019 [71] | 1.25 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Mean | 7.32 | 3.92 | 3.90 | 4.5 | 8.34 | – |
| Standard Deviation | 4.46 | 0.60 | 4.07 | – | 9.00 | – |
FMA-UE Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Extremity, FMA-LE Fugl-Meyer Assessment Lower Extremity, ARAT Action Research Arm Test, NFT Neurofeedback Training Group, C Control Group
Significant values (p < 0.05) indicated by Asterisk