Figure 1.

Hepatic injury was evaluated as release of transaminases (ALT and AST) and LDH in rat serum. (A) The serum ALT activity. (B) The serum AST activity. (C) The serum LDH activity. Bars represent means ± SD, n = 4 (the black dots represent the individual data points). ^* p < .05 versus sham operation group. ^# p < .05 versus IR‐only group. ^$ p < .05 versus IR + SIN group. ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; IR, Ischemia–reperfusion; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; SD, standard deviation; SIN, sinomenine