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. 2022 Sep 15;19(18):11614. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191811614

Table 2.

Benchmark regression results.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
PSM-DID PSM-DID PSM-DID PSM-DID PSM-DID PSM-DID PSM-DID PSM-DID PSM-DID
lnW lnW lnW lnW lnW lnW lnW lnW lnW
DID −0.442 *** −0.384 *** −0.387 *** −0.346 *** −0.275 *** −0.273 *** −0.247 *** −0.261 *** −0.197 **
(0.089) (0.088) (0.088) (0.087) (0.087) (0.087) (0.087) (0.088) (0.090)
lnex −0.078 *** −0.081 *** −0.079 *** −0.079 *** −0.077 *** −0.077 *** −0.080 *** −0.080 *** −0.078 ***
(0.019) (0.019) (0.019) (0.018) (0.018) (0.018) (0.018) (0.018) (0.018)
DID_lnex −0.127 *** −0.116 *** −0.114 *** −0.108 *** −0.110 *** −0.110 *** −0.106 *** −0.106 *** −0.108 ***
(0.037) (0.036) (0.036) (0.035) (0.035) (0.035) (0.035) (0.035) (0.035)
lnim 0.094 *** 0.095 *** 0.094 *** 0.039 *** 0.031 ** 0.030 ** 0.032 ** 0.031 ** 0.033 **
(0.014) (0.014) (0.014) (0.014) (0.014) (0.014) (0.014) (0.014) (0.014)
DID_lnim 0.119 *** 0.112 *** 0.112 *** 0.102 *** 0.105 *** 0.105 *** 0.107 *** 0.107 *** 0.108 ***
(0.023) (0.023) (0.023) (0.022) (0.022) (0.022) (0.022) (0.022) (0.022)
lnSize 0.609 *** 0.588 *** 0.575 *** 0.625 *** 0.665 *** 0.666 *** 0.658 *** 0.659 *** 0.654 ***
(0.038) (0.037) (0.037) (0.035) (0.035) (0.035) (0.035) (0.035) (0.035)
lnSpe 2.670 *** 2.887 *** 0.887 *** 1.167 *** 1.166 *** 1.138 *** 1.152 *** 1.054 ***
(0.215) (0.218) (0.242) (0.242) (0.241) (0.241) (0.241) (0.244)
lnDe 0.836 *** 0.482 *** 0.673 *** 0.672 *** 0.672 *** 0.672 *** 0.667 ***
(0.180) (0.178) (0.178) (0.178) (0.178) (0.178) (0.178)
lnKL 0.443 *** 0.360 *** 0.360 *** 0.361 *** 0.359 *** 0.366 ***
(0.030) (0.031) (0.031) (0.031) (0.031) (0.031)
opacf 0.404 *** 0.404 *** 0.395 *** 0.397 *** 0.389 ***
(0.044) (0.044) (0.044) (0.044) (0.044)
time 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002
(0.001) (0.001) (0.001) (0.001) (0.001)
MI 0.057 0.122 0.097 0.092
(0.160) (0.160) (0.163) (0.163)
II 0.649 *** 0.684 *** 0.746 ***
(0.144) (0.145) (0.146)
St 0.017 0.036 **
(0.015) (0.015)
PGDP −0.320 ***
(0.093)
_cons 9.726 *** 8.912 *** 8.560 *** 7.185 *** 5.133 *** 5.001 *** 4.430 *** 4.293 *** 7.612 ***
(0.205) (0.207) (0.221) (0.230) (0.324) (0.478) (0.499) (0.512) (1.105)
r2_a 0.144 0.161 0.163 0.187 0.195 0.195 0.197 0.197 0.198
year Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
spatial Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
cluster Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Note: *** and ** represent statisticl significance at the 1% and 5% propability levels, respectively.