Table 2.

The recommendations and measures of social resilience to COVID-19.

4R	Recommendations and Measures	Citation
Rapidity	Improve current “stay-at-home” policies that can have a psychiatric impact on community residents Focus on vulnerable groups and maintain appropriate neighborhood relations Establishing an URI (Urban Resilience Index)	[58,59,60,61]
Redundancy	Accessibility measures for COVID-19 patients need additional medical resources to improve Adopt comprehensive policies and measures to address substandard vaccine coverage for migrant workers and minorities Increasing vaccination rates among frontline workers	[62,63,64,65,66]
Resourcefulness	A strong system of local institutions working in concert with the state is needed to build a community-based, resilience-centered social resilience framework, a district-level CPVI, a conceptual model of CHASMS Government recommended to use digital telemedicine divide to address barriers to online treatment The importance of monitoring society through community questionnaires to prevent future COVID-19 transmission Government needs targeted vaccines for strategic vaccination to reduce inequities (focus on older populations), active advocacy and increased trust in vaccines among groups hesitant to vaccinate	[67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75]
Robustness	Improving coverage of emergency treatment response calls for low social resilience Governments need to balance policy and social side effects to strengthen the resilience of the system and facilitate the process of modeling the socio-spatial structure of urban space Prioritize public health and public support to control COVID-19 when chronic disease and COVID-19 coexist People’s daily lives have changed, and social sharing platforms should learn from each other about effective COVID-19 responses to provide more sustainable consumption and production patterns Social practice can strengthen community beliefs, improve collective effectiveness, and increase the strength of social resilience	[50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,76,77,78]