Table 5.
Psychological effects.
| CON (n = 8) | PE (n = 8) | Diff (Post–Pre) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre | Post | Pre | Post | p | Cohen’s d | |
| EPDS | 20.87 (2.16) | 22.37 (1.93) * | 20.12 (2.74) | 16.87 (2.53) * | 0.002 * | 2.444 |
| PSQI | 11.62 (2.32) | 12.37 (2.77) | 9.75 (3.24) | 8.00 (3.07) * | 0.015 * | 1.494 |
| PSS | 20.75 (1.66) | 22.37 (1.30) * | 18.50 (2.97) | 14.87 (3.18) * | 0.001 * | 3.087 |
| ST | 83.66 (31.83) | 88.48 (34.41) | 94.13 (39.45) | 140.86 (64.13) | 0.115 | 1.017 |
Values are presented as mean ± SD (n = 8 per group). Main time effect: * p < 0.05, pre- versus post-Pilates period in the within groups. CON: non-Pilates exercise, PE: Pilates exercise, EPDS: Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSS: Perceived Stress Scale, ST: serotonin.