Summary of findings 1. Active rPMS only compared with sham rPMS in stroke.
| Active rPMS only compared with sham rPMS in stroke | ||||||
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Patient or population: people with stroke Setting: not reported Intervention: active rPMS Comparison: sham rPMS | ||||||
| Outcomes | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | No. of participants (studies) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments | |
| Risk with sham rPMS | Risk with rPMS | |||||
| Activities of daily living (ADLs) assessed with Barthel Index Scale, from 0 to 100 | ‐ | ‐ | See comment | ‐ | ‐ | No trials measured this outcome. |
| Upper limb function assessed with Fugl‐Meyer Assessment Scale, from 0 to 66 | ‐ | ‐ | See comment | ‐ | ‐ | No trials measured this outcome. |
| Lower limb function | ‐ | ‐ | See comment | ‐ | ‐ | No trials measured this outcome. |
| Spasticity (elbow) assessed with Modified Tardieu Scale, from 0 to 5 | ‐ | ‐ | See comment | ‐ | ‐ | No trials measured this outcome. |
| Spasticity (wrist) assessed with Modified Tardieu Scale, from 0 to 5 | ‐ | ‐ | See comment | ‐ | ‐ | No trials measured this outcome. |
| Muscle strength assessed with dorsiflexion strength | Mean muscle strength 10.44 kg | MD 3 kg higher (2.44 lower to 8.44 higher) | ‐ | 18 (1 RCT) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowa | |
| Death | ‐ | ‐ | See comment | ‐ | ‐ | No trials reported this outcome. |
| *The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on assumed risk in the comparison group and relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: confidence interval; MD: mean difference; RCT: randomised controlled trial; rPMS: repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation. | ||||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High certainty: we are very confident that the true effect lies close to the estimate of effect. Moderate certainty: we are moderately confident in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of effect but may be substantially different. Low certainty: our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of effect. Very low certainty: we have very little confidence in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect. | ||||||
aOne study with small sample size; 95% CI overlaps zero.