Table 4.
Bivariate relationships between variables.
| Model 1 (2019) | Model 2 (2020) | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
| 2 | 0.064 * | 1 | 0.078 ** | 1 | ||||||||||||
| 3 | 0.235 *** | 0.071 ** | 1 | 0.204 *** | 0.002 | 1 | ||||||||||
| 4 | −0.240 *** | −0.015 | −0.292 *** | 1 | −0.194 *** | −0.011 | −0.301 *** | 1 | ||||||||
| 5 | −0.257 *** | 0.015 | −0.151 *** | 0.206 *** | 1 | −0.276 *** | −0.074 ** | −0.149 *** | 0.143 *** | 1 | ||||||
| 6 | 0.035 | 0.225 *** | 0.065 * | −0.062 * | -0.073 | 1 | 0.150 *** | 0.174 *** | 0.032 | −0.101 *** | −0.043 | 1 | ||||
| 7 | −0.017 | 0.060 * | −0.007 | 0.038 | 0.070 ** | 0.110 *** | 1 | 0.105 *** | 0.145 *** | 0.066 ** | −0.070 ** | −0.009 | 0.174 *** | 1 | ||
| 8 | 0.005 | 0.095 *** | 0.021 | 0.02 | 0.054 * | 0.154 *** | 0.148 *** | 1 | 0.145 *** | 0.153 *** | 0.095 *** | -0.087 *** | −0.144 *** | 0.152 *** | * | 1 |
1. Cyberbullying perpetration, 2. friendship reliability, 3. number of friends perpetrating cyberbullying, 4. cyberbullying observation, 5. exposure to harmful content, 6. parent–child interaction, 7. school involvement, 8. awareness of cyberbullying issues. * p ≤ 0.05; ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001.