Table 4.
Activities of daily living, performance, self-reliance, and gait efficiency before surgery, after surgery, and at discharge.
| Variable | Time | First Surgery |
Repeat Surgery |
Source | F | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |||||
| BI | Before surgery | 86.5 ± 23.9 | 75.7 ± 33.9 | Group | 3.1 | 0.079 |
| After surgery | 39.4 ± 25.8 | 36.2 ± 28.7 | Time | 123.7 | <0.001 | |
| At discharge | 73.0 ± 26.1 | 60.0 ± 36.2 | G*T | 1.1 | 0.324 | |
| KPS | Before surgery | 81.8 ± 19.8 | 77.0 ± 21.8 | Group | 1.9 | 0.172 |
| After surgery | 51.1 ± 18.5 | 48.3 ± 22.3 | Time | 99.8 | <0.001 | |
| At discharge | 71.7 ± 17.0 | 66.2 ± 19.4 | G*T | 0.2 | 0.840 | |
| MRS | Before surgery | 1.4 ± 1.3 | 1.9 ± 1.6 | Group | 3.2 | 0.074 |
| After surgery | 3.5 ± 1.1 | 3.7 ± 1.3 | Time | 90.9 | <0.001 | |
| At discharge | 2.3 ± 1.2 | 2.8 ± 1.3 | G*T | 0.5 | 0.631 | |
| GI | Before surgery | 8.6 ± 2.5 | 7.0 ± 3.5 | Group | 6.2 | 0.014 |
| After surgery | 4.1 ± 2.7 | 3.6 ± 2.8 | Time | 86.9 | <0.001 | |
| At discharge | 7.2 ± 2.6 | 5.8 ± 3.3 | G*T | 1.6 | 0.211 |
Abbreviations: BI, Barthel index; KPS, Karnofsky performance status; MRS, modified Rankin scale; GI, gait index; SD, standard deviation; FS, first surgery; RS, repeat surgery; G*T, interaction effect Group*Time.