Characterization of B-cell immune profiles in human immunodeficiency virus-exposed uninfected (HEU) and human immunodeficiency virus-unexposed uninfected (HU) newborns. Cord blood was stained with the following fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies: anti-CD19 APC, anti-CD10 PE-Cy7, anti-CD21-FITC, and anti-CD27 APC-CY7. Singlets were defined using forward scatter (FSC)-A vs FSC-H parameters, and lymphocytes were gated using side scatter (SSC)-A and FSC-A. B cells were then gated using CD19 against SSC-A. (A) The proportion of B-cell subsets were clasified using CD10, CD21, and CD27 as follows: CD10−CD21+CD27− (naive), CD10−CD21−CD27+ (resting memory), CD10−CD21+CD27+ (activated memory), CD10−CD21−CD27− (tissue-like memory), and CD10+CD27− (immature transitional). (B) Expression of CD95e450, FcLR4 PE, and PD-1 APC (exhausted and activatory inhibited B cells) were gated as a proportion of CD19+ cells. Data are presented as medians (interquartile range) and analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test (HU n = 42, HEU n = 18 B cells; and HU n = 41; HEU n = 24 T cells).