Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics Between No-ENI and ENI Group in Patients Treated with IV tPA
| Overall (n=102) | No-ENI (n=64) | ENI (n=38) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (mean (SD)) | 64.01 (13.02) | 64.31 (13.30) | 63.50 (12.69) | 0.76 |
| Male, n (%) | 67 (65.69) | 46 (71.88) | 21 (55.26) | 0.09 |
| DNT time, minutes (median [IQR]) | 47.50 [35.00–64.00] | 47.50 [34.00–64.75] | 47.50 [37.25–64.00] | 0.80 |
| Time from symptom onset to IV-tPA, minutes (median [IQR]) | 174.50 [136.50–228.25] | 181.50 [150.00–231.25] | 156.00 [128.75–208.00] | 0.09 |
| Bridging mechanical thrombectomy, n (%) | 34 (33.33) | 19 (29.69) | 15 (39.47) | 0.31 |
| Pre-mRS score (%) | 0.30 | |||
| 0 | 81 (79.41) | 48 (75.00) | 33 (86.84) | |
| 1 | 8 (7.84) | 5 (7.81) | 3 (7.89) | |
| 2 | 6 (5.88) | 6 (9.38) | 0 (0.00) | |
| 3 | 4 (3.92) | 2 (3.12) | 2 (5.26) | |
| 4 | 2 (1.96) | 2 (3.12) | 0 (0.00) | |
| 5 | 1 (0.98) | 1 (1.56) | 0 (0.00) | |
| Admission NIHSS score (median [IQR]) | 9.00 [4.00–12.75] | 6.50 [3.00–11.25] | 11.50 [8.25–14.00] | 0.01 |
| Admission NIHSS score ≤5 (%) | 33 (32.35) | 29 (45.31) | 4 (10.53) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 67 (65.69) | 45 (70.31) | 22 (57.89) | 0.20 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 19 (18.63) | 13 (20.31) | 6 (15.79) | 0.57 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 30 (29.41) | 23 (35.94) | 7 (18.42) | 0.06 |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 14 (13.73) | 7 (10.94) | 7 (18.42) | 0.29 |
| Prior stroke, n (%) | 27 (26.47) | 18 (28.12) | 9 (23.68) | 0.62 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 18 (17.65) | 13 (20.31) | 5 (13.16) | 0.36 |
| Prior antiplatelet therapy, n (%) | 20 (19.61) | 12 (18.75) | 8 (21.05) | 0.78 |
| Prior statin therapy, n (%) | 15 (14.71) | 10 (15.62) | 5 (13.16) | 0.73 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 59 (57.84) | 40 (62.50) | 19 (50.00) | 0.22 |
| Drinking, n (%) | 44 (43.14) | 30 (46.88) | 14 (36.84) | 0.32 |
| TOAST, n (%) | 0.78 | |||
| LAA | 67 (65.69) | 44 (68.75) | 23 (60.53) | |
| CE | 26 (25.49) | 16 (25.00) | 10 (26.32) | |
| SAA | 2 (1.96) | 1 (1.56) | 1 (2.63) | |
| Other | 4 (3.92) | 2 (3.12) | 2 (5.26) | |
| Unknown | 3 (2.94) | 1 (1.56) | 2 (5.26) | |
| Admission SBP level, mmHg (median [IQR]) | 144.00 [130.00–162.00] | 145.50 [130.25–162.00] | 140.00 [129.50–153.00] | 0.25 |
| Admission DBP level, mmHg (median [IQR]) | 82.50 [75.00–93.00] | 81.00 [75.00–95.00] | 83.00 [74.50–90.00] | 0.34 |
| Admission serum glucose level, mmol/L (median [IQR]) | 6.80 [5.55–8.50] | 7.40 [5.70–9.40] | 6.50 [5.43–7.33] | 0.11 |
| HbA1c level, % (median [IQR]) | 6.10 [5.80–6.60] | 6.10 [5.90–6.70] | 6.20 [5.70–6.50] | 0.61 |
| LDL level, mmol/L (mean (SD)) | 2.50 (0.86) | 2.57 (0.89) | 2.38 (0.80) | 0.34 |
| Cholesterol level, mmol/L (mean (SD)) | 4.11 (0.94) | 4.18 (0.95) | 4.00 (0.93) | 0.39 |
| CT hypointensity sign, n (%) | 22 (21.57) | 13 (20.31) | 9 (23.68) | 0.69 |
| MCA hyperintensity sign, n (%) | 9 (8.82) | 5 (7.81) | 4 (10.53) | 0.92 |
| Fazekas scale (median [IQR]) | 1.00 [1.00–2.00] | 1.00 [1.00–2.00] | 1.00 [1.00–1.00] | 0.74 |
| Large vessel occlusion, n (%) | 32 (31.37) | 19 (29.69) | 13 (34.21) | 0.63 |
| sICH-NINDS, n (%) | 9 (8.82) | 8 (12.50) | 1 (2.63) | 0.18 |
| sICH-SITS, n (%) | 4 (3.92) | 4 (6.25) | 0 (0.00) | 0.30 |
| NLR at 0 h, 10^9/L (median [IQR]) | 4.15 [3.08–6.49] | 4.27 [3.08–8.79] | 3.96 [3.09–5.27] | 0.33 |
| NLR at 24 h, 10^9/L (median [IQR]) | 4.77 [3.27–9.32] | 5.62 [3.36–11.64] | 4.18 [2.96–6.45] | 0.04 |
| LMR at 0 h, 10^9/L (median [IQR]) | 4.15 [3.02–5.82] | 4.00 [2.95–5.83] | 4.62 [3.25–5.70] | 0.74 |
| LMR at 24 h, 10^9/L (median [IQR]) | 2.74 [1.98–3.84] | 2.45 [1.60–3.54] | 3.28 [2.56–4.06] | 0.01 |
| NLR change between 0 hrs and 24 h, 10^9/L (median [IQR]) | 0.68 [−0.45–2.53] | 1.13 [−0.22–3.20] | −0.08 [−0.54–1.39] | 0.02 |
| LMR change between 0 hrs and 24 h, 10^9/L (median [IQR]) | −1.25 [−3.11–−0.01] | −1.26 [−3.31–−0.56] | −0.81 [−1.74–0.28] | 0.08 |
Abbreviations: ENI, early neurological improvement; DNT, door-to-needle; IV, intravenous thrombolysis; tPA, tissue plasminogen activator; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; TOAST, Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment; LAA, large atherosclerosis artery; CE, cardiac embolism; SAA, small artery occlusion; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; LDL, low density lipoprotein; MCA, middle cerebral artery; sICH, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage; NINDS, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke trial; SITS, Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; LMR, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio.