Table 3.

Highlight the effect of metabolites on the host. Identification of a wide variety of secondary metabolites from various fungal species, the class grouping attributed to the metabolite, based upon the synthesis, fungal species responsible for chemically engineering the metabolite and the effect on the human host. The properties include anti-bacterial activity to cancerous effect. The extended table includes the effect on the environment, marine biology and produce. *IL = interleukin ** blue highlight indicates human effect.

Metabolite	Class	Fungi	Activity	Reference
Averufin	PKS	Aspergillus versicolor	Anti-bacterial activity	Miao et al., 2012; Goyal, 2016; Yu, 2012
Aflatrem	DMATs	Aspergillus flavus	Acute neurotoxic effects	Hoffmeister, 2016; Valdes et al., 1985
Agrocalvin-I	Alkaloids	Pencillium sp.	Induce changes in GABA providing inhibitory effect of CNS, anti-bacterial and anti-tumor activites	Selala et al., 1989; Griffin et al., 2013; Niehaus etl al., 2016; Kumar et al., 2018
Ascomycone A (6-deoxyfusarubin)	PKS	Biatriospora sp.	Cytotoxic	Stodulkova et al., 2015; Goyal, 2016
Asperdiazapinones	Alkaloids	Aspergillus sp. PSU-RSPG185	Anti-fungal, cytotoxic and insecticidal activities	Rukachaisirikul et al., 2013; Yin et al, 2009; Siddiquee, 2018
Asperochrins	PKS	Aspergillus oryzae	Antibacterial acitivity; inhibitory cidal activity against aquatic species	Liu et al., 2015; Siddiquee, 2018
Chanoclavine	Alkaloids	Pencillium spp.	Induce changes in GABA providing inhibitory effect of CNS	Selala et al., 1989; Griffin et al., 2012; Xu et al., 2015; Kumar et al., 2018;
Citrinin	PKS	Pencillium spp.	Anti-bacterial activity; Toxins damaging organs (renal disease)	Hetherington and Raistrick, 1931; Subramani et al., 2013; Zain et al., 2011; Samson et al., 2011a; Bouslimi et al., 2008; Goyal, 2016
Cladosin C	PKS	Cladosporium sphaerospermum	Anti-viral activity	Wu et al., 2014; Goyal, 2016
Deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin)	NRPS	Fusarium graminearum; Fusarium culmorum	Immunosupressive activity; potential suspectible to viral and bacterial infections	Marasas et al, 1984; Bondy and Peska, 2000; Palazzini et al., 2016; Moss, 2011
Elymoclavine	DMATs	Aspergillus spp.	Inhibitory effect of CNS	Robbers, 1979; Hoffmeister, 2016
Festuclavines	Alkaloids	Pencillium spp.	Induce changes in GABA providing inhibitory effect of CNS, anti-bacterial and anti-tumor activites	Selala et al., 1989; Griffin et al., 2014; Kumar et al., 2018
Flaviphenalenones	PKS	Aspergillus flavipes	Anti-malarial cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity	Nazir et al., 2015; Gutierrez et al., 2013; Elsebai et al., 2011; Siddiquee, 2018
Fumagillin	Terpene	Aspergillus fumigatus	aNtibiotic treatment for protozoa, analogues treatment for angiogensis and supress tumour growth	Schenk et al, 1953; hanson and Elbe, 1949; Ingber et al., 1990; Molina et al., 2002; Moss, 2011; Siddiquee, 2018
Isochanoclavine	Alkaloids	Pencillium spp.	Induce changes in GABA providing inhibitory effect of CNS	Selala et al., 1989; Griffin et al., 2016; Kumar et al., 2018; Rabha and Jha, 2018
Isofellutanine	Alkaloids	Pencillium spp.	Anti-bacterial and anti-tumor activites	Jouda et al., 2016; Kumar et al., 2018
Naptho-γ-pyrones	PKS	Aspergillus brasiliensis	Anti-tumoral, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal	Song et al., 2004; Koyama et al., 1988; Samson et al., 2007; Siddiquee, 2018; Se-Kwon Kim, 2013
Neoechinulin A	Alkaloids	Eurotium spp.	Anti-inflammatory effect	Kim et al., 2013; Goyal, 2016; Chen et al., 2015
Pestalotiopsone A	PKS-NRPS	Pestalotiopsis spp.	Anti-bacterial activity	Hemberger et al., 2013; Goyal, 2016; Kumar et al., 2018