Fig. 9.

(a) Cellulose hydrolysis using T. reesei cellulase, depicting cellobiohydrolase (CBH), $\mathrm{\beta }$-glucosidases ($\mathrm{\beta }$ G), and endoglucase (EG) [193]. (b) FTIR spectra of CNC were obtained from wheat straw under various ultrasonic durations (0, 30, 60 min) [137]. (c) Enhancement of nanocellulose yield from utilising various cellulose sources after ultrasound assistance in enzymatic hydrolysis [137], [192], [194], [195]. (d) Comparison of eucalyptus kraft pulp aspect ratio from ultrasound-assisted enzyme hydrolysis and acid hydrolysis [192], [196], [197], [198].