Table 3.
Representative summary of previous works on enzymatic hydrolysis with ultrasound assistance.
| Raw material | Enzyme | Enzyme dosage | Sonication conditions | Nanocellulose size (nm) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cotton | Celluclast 1.5 L | 44 U/g fiber |
20 kHz, 300 W, 90 min (Simultaneous) |
NA | [205] |
| Cotton linter | Cellulase (Cerena sp.) |
20 U/g fiber |
30 kHz, 100 W, 20 min (Post-treatment) |
Z-avg = 204.6 ± 8.0 | [206] |
| Eucalyptus kraft pulp | Monocomponent endoglucanase | 400 U/g pulp |
20 kHz, 315 W, 10 min (Post-treatment) |
W = 6–10 L = 400.0 – 600.0 |
[196] |
| Cotton | Cellulase (Aspergillus Niger) |
<100 µg/mL | NA (Post-treatment) |
W = 30–45 L = 250–900 |
[207] |
| Microcrystalline cellulose | Endoglucanase (Penicillium oxalicum M12) |
15 mg/g |
40 kHz, 100 W, 30 min (Post-treatment) |
W = 17.9–33.8 Z-avg = 357–863 |
[208] |
| Poplar wood | Celulase (Novozyme) |
10 U/g wood |
25 kHz, 200 W, 20 min (Post-treatment) |
Z-avg = 310.0 ± 5.0 | [209] |
| W, width; L, length; Z-avg, Z-average. | |||||