Table 1.
Demographic details, pre-existing disease, site of involvement, corticosteroid administration and outcome of pre-COVID- and COVID-associated mucormycosis
| Parameter | Pre-COVID mucormycosis | COVID-associated mucormycosis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Patel et al. 2020 [11••] n = 465 (India) |
Jeong et al. (2019) [10] n = 851 (31% Asia) |
Patel et al. (2021) [19••] n = 187 (India) |
Hoenigl et al. (2022) [24••] n = 80 (53% India) |
Watanabe et al. (2022) [33] n = 2312 (88.67% India) |
| Type of study | Multi-center study | Systematic review and meta-analysis | Multi-center study | Review of cases from 18 countries | Systematic review and meta-analysis |
| Study period | 1 January 2016–30 September 2017 | January 2000–January 2017 | 1 September 2020–1 December 2020 | 1 October 2019–12 April 2021 | Till 20 January 2022 |
| Age in years | 48 | 51 | 56.9 | 55 | 36–63 |
| Male gender (%) | 69.5 | 63 | 80.2 | 78 | 20–100 |
| Pre-existing disease (%) | |||||
| DM (DKA in % of DM patients) | 73.5 (14.6) | 40 (21; status unknown in 248/851) | 60.4 (8.6) | 83 (49: available in 55/66) | 82 (2.71) |
| Malignancy | 09 | 32 | 1.1 | 06 | 2.6 |
| Transplantation | 7.7 | 14 | 1.6 | - | - |
| Chronic kidney disease | 20 | - | 06 | 15 | |
| Trauma | 6.9 | 20 | 1.6 | - | - |
| Others | 0.6 | 03 | 2.7 | 19 | - |
| No predisposing disease | 11.8 | 18 | 32.6 (COVID-19 only) | 05 (COVID-19 only) | - |
| Site of involvement (%) | |||||
| ROM (ROCM) | 67.7 (32.7) | 34 (9) | 86.1 (27.33) | 74 (37) | 97 (25) |
| Pulmonary | 13.3 | 20 | 8.6 | 25 (includes 15% disseminated) | 2.7 |
| Cutaneous | 10.5 | 22 | 2.7 | - | < 1 |
| GIT | 2.6 | 8.5 | < 1 | ||
| Disseminated | 2.8 | 13 | 2.1 | - | |
| Others | 03 | 03 | 0.5 | ||
| Corticosteroid administration (%) | 3.7 | - | 78.7 | 79 | 77 |
| Mortality (%) | 52 | 46 | 44 | 49 | 29 |
Abbreviations: DM, diabetes mellitus; DKA, diabetic ketoacidosis; ROM, rhino-orbital mucormycosis; ROCM, rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis; GIT, gastrointestinal tract