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. 2022 Sep 15;14:969381. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.969381

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Copyright © 2022 Muntsant and Giménez-Llort.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Salient behavioral alterations in 18-month-old female 3xTg-AD females in the T-maze and marble test compared to NTg females with normal aging. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM or incidence (%). (A) Ethogram in the acquisition trial (TM1) in the T-Maze; (B) rate of success in TM1; (C) ethogram in the recall trial (TM2) in the T-Maze; (D) rate of success in TM2; (E) spatial Working memory in TM2; (F) MB: Marble test, Interaction with marbles. Inset of bars, number of animals exhibiting the behavior. Statistics: Students t-test: ^#, isolation effect, ^#p < 0.05. Pearson’s correlation analysis, ©©p < 0.01; ©©p < 0.001; CORT: corticosterone levels.