TABLE 3.

Influence of crop-establishment and tillage management (CETM) and P-fertilization practices on internal CO₂ concentration, stomatal limitation index, PAR interception and relative water content at flowering stage as well as radiation-use efficiency of maize and wheat under MWCS.

Treatments	Intercellular CO2 conc. (μ mol CO2 mol–1)		Stomatal limitation index (%)		PAR Interception [μ mol (photon) m2s–1]		Radiation-use efficiency (g MJ–1)		Relative water content (%)
	Maize	Wheat	Maize	Wheat	Maize	Wheat	Maize	Wheat	Maize	Wheat
Crop-establishment and tillage management (CETM)
FBCT–FBCT	203.4c	236.4c	46.9a	38.4a	1196.0c	1382.0b	2.57b	1.92c	72.0b	71.7c
RBCT–RBZT	229.5b	275.5b	39.0ab	27.6bc	1256.0bc	1444.1ab	2.78ab	1.93bc	79.9a	74.1b
FBZT–FBZT	254.1ab	308.1a	32.0b	19.8cd	1308.1ab	1486.8a	2.83a	2.22a	82.6a	76.4ab
PRBZT–PRBZT	276.9a	330.9a	24.3c	13.8d	1341.5a	1522.6a	2.90a	2.36a	83.3a	77.8a
P-fertilization practices
P100	231.9	278.7	38.8a	27.4	1217.4d	1446.6ab	2.65bc	2.08bc	76.5ab	73.7bc
P50+2FSP	245.7	292.5	34.1ab	23.9	1302.2bcd	1501.0a	2.78ab	2.11abc	79.7ab	74.8abc
P50+PSB+AMF	234.2	280.9	37.4ab	26.7	1277.7cd	1459.3a	2.91a	2.19ab	79.9ab	76.5ab
P50+PSB+AMF+2FSP	244.3	291.1	34.6ab	23.5	1461.2a	1569.3a	2.93a	2.24a	83.1a	78.8a
P0	248.8	295.6	33.0b	23.0	1118.5e	1318.3b	2.59c	1.98c	72.9b	71.1c

M₁, flat bed–conventional tillage (FBCT) both in maize and wheat; M₂, raised bed–CT (RBCT) in maize and RB–zero tillage (RBZT) in wheat; M₃, FBZT both in maize and wheat; M₄, permanent raised bed–ZT (PRBZT) both in maize and wheat. S₁-P₁₀₀, 100% P as basal; S₂-P₅₀ + 2FSP, 50% P as basal (P₅₀) + 2 foliar sprays of phosphorus (2FSP) as DAP (2%) at knee-high stage (KHS) and pre-tasseling stage (PTS) in maize and at tillering stage (TS) and pre-flowering stage (PFS) in wheat; S₃-P₅₀ + PSB + AMF, P₅₀ + PSB + AM-fungi (AMF); S₄-P₅₀ + PSB + AMF + 2 FSP, P₅₀ + PSB + AMF + 2FSP at KHS and PTS in maize and at TS and PFS in wheat; S₅-P₀, 100% N and K with no P (P₀) as control.