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. 2022 Sep 15;13:945669. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.945669

TABLE 4.

Tested models and goodness-of-fit indices.

χ2 df Δ χ2 Δ df CFI TLI RMSEA Δ CFI Δ TLI Δ RMSEA
Models in each group
Gender
Male 2.901 4 1.00 1.00 0.000
Female 7.131 4 0.996 0.990 0.042
Gender
Configural 10.032* 8 0.999 0.997 0.024
Metric 13.959* 12 3.927 4 0.999 0.998 0.019 0.000 0.001 –0.005
Scalar 20.980* 16 7.021 4 0.997 0.996 0.027 –0.002 –0.002 0.008
Strict 32.074* 22 11.094 6 0.994 0.994 0.033 –0.002 –0.002 0.006

df, degrees of freedom; χ2, Chi square; Δχ2, difference in Chi square; Δdf, difference in degrees of freedom; CFI, comparative fit index; TLI, Tucker-Lewis index; RMSEA, root mean square error of approximation; ΔCFI, difference in comparative fit index; ΔTLI, difference in Tucker-Lewis index; ΔRMSEA, difference in root mean square error of approximation *p < 0.001.