Table 4.

Antimicrobial characteristics of study-related infections according to the empirical antimicrobial treatment strategy used

	Total	Broad-spectrum antimicrobial group	Narrow-spectrum antimicrobial group	p value
Mono/polytherapy
Monotherapy	178 (70.1%)	104 (65.4%)	74 (77.9%)	0.047
Combination therapy	76 (29.9%)	55 (34.6%)	21 (22.1%)	0.047
2 Antimicrobial agents	58 (22.8%)	43 (27.0%)	15 (15.8%)	0.045
≥ 3 Antimicrobial agents	18 (7.1%)	12 (7.5%)	6 (6.3%)	0.805
Antimicrobial types
Carbapenem	93 (36.6%)	81 (50.9%)	12 (12.6%)	< 0.001
Antipseudomonal penicillin + β-lactamase inhibitor	69 (27.2%)	58 (36.5%)	11 (11.6%)	< 0.001
Glycopeptide	46 (18.1%)	38 (23.9%)	8 (8.4%)	0.002
Penicillin + β-lactamase inhibitor	40 (15.7%)	4 (2.5%)	36 (37.9%)	< 0.001
Third-generation cephalosporin	28 (11.0%)	9 (5.7%)	19 (20.0%)	0.001
First-generation cephalosporin	14 (5.5%)	1 (0.6%)	13 (13.7%)	< 0.001
Macrolide	12 (4.7%)	6 (3.8%)	6 (6.3%)	0.373
Fluoroquinolone	10 (3.9%)	8 (5.0%)	2 (2.1%)	0.329
Second-generation cephalosporin	7 (2.8%)	0 (0.0%)	7 (7.4%)	0.001
Penicillin	5 (2.0%)	4 (2.5%)	1 (1.1%)	0.653
Lincosamide	5 (2.0%)	2 (1.3%)	3 (3.2%)	0.366
Aminoglycoside	4 (1.6%)	4 (2.5%)	0 (0.0%)	0.300
Oxazolidinone	4 (1.6%)	1 (0.6%)	3 (3.2%)	0.149
Fourth-generation cephalosporin	3 (1.2%)	3 (1.9%)	0 (0.0%)	0.295
Lipopeptide	3 (1.2%)	3 (1.9%)	0 (0.0%)	0.295
Others	7 (2.8%)	6 (3.8%)	1 (1.1%)	0.262
Duration of treatment for the infection under study (days)	10.5 (6–16)	12 (7–18)	7 (5–13)	< 0.001
Inappropriate empirical antimicrobial prescriptiona	12 (4.7%)	8 (5.0%)	4 (4.2%)	> 0.999

Results are shown as n (%)

^aPresence of a causative pathogen resistant to the initial agent(s) leading to addition or replacement of the empirical antimicrobial agent