Fig. 2.

Prediction performance of DNAmCVDscore, MRS, DNAmGrimAge, SCORE2 and SCORE2 + DNAmCVDscore. Area under the ROC curve (AUC), on the y-axis, as a function of the follow-up length (x-axis) for the five composite biomarkers investigated in this study. MRS has the worst prediction performance at each time point. SCORE2 outperforms epigenetic predictors for long-term CVD risk (occurred more than 8 years after recruitment), whereas DNAmCVDscore and DNAmGrimAge predict short-term risk (CVD events within 7 years after recruitment or less) better than the other biomarkers. The enriched SCORE2 + DNAmCVDscore model outperformed all the competitors for the entire time horizon considered in the study