H8BB CAR-T cells target plasma cells of multiple myeloma patients. (A) Bone marrow (BM) aspirates of multiple myeloma (MM), amyloidosis (AL), monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), plasmacytoma (PC) and Walden-ström's macroglobulinemia (WDS) patients were assessed for B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) expression by flow cytometry. The graph represents BCMA median expression in the bone marrow of patients, gated on CD38++CD138++ plasma cells. n=3 (AL, circles), n=16 (MM, squares), n=3 (MGUS, up triangles), n=3 (PC, down triangles), and n=2 (WDS, lozenges). Error bars show standard error of the mean (SEM). (B) Activation of CD3+ T cells was determined by assessing the expression of CD137 (4-1BB) by flow cytometry. H8BB CAR-T and non-transduced (NT) T cells were incubated in the presence of BM-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MC) overnight. Statistical analysis was based on a Student’s paired t-test. (C) Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of BCMA expression on the targeted CD38++CD138++ plasma cell population of patients P1 to P4 (P=0.01, by Student's t-test). (D) The presence of CD38++CD138++ plasma cells of MM patients following co-culture with H8BB CAR-T cells or NT control cells was assessed by flow cytometry (P1 to P4).