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. 2022 Sep 15;13:937956. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.937956

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Copyright © 2022 Gambari, Grigolo and Grassi

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Regulation of bone remodeling processes by purified OSCs molecules. Bone remodeling is governed by the balance between bone formation by the osteoblasts (left side) and bone erosion by the osteoclasts (right side). Ancillary processes are shown. OSCs specifically regulate the following processes: promote cells proliferation and viability of mesenchymal stromal cells (1) while inhibit the proliferation and viability of monocytes (5); promote the osteogenic differentiation (2) and bone formation (3); inhibit at different stages osteoclast differentiation (6) and reduce bone erosion (7); inhibit the viability of osteocytes (4). Among the OSCs which modulate bone processes are allicin, allyl sulfide (AS), sulforaphane (SFN), glucoraphanin (GRA), diallyl sulfide (DADS). See the text for details.