Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study subjects
|
Variable
|
Non-MAFLD, n = 352
|
MAFLD, n = 512
|
Statistics1
|
P
value
|
| Demographics | ||||
| Sex | χ2 = 14.020 | < 0.001 | ||
| Male | 230 (65.3) | 394 (77.0) | ||
| Female | 122 (34.7) | 118 (23.0) | ||
| Age in yr | 37.750 ± 10.736 | 41.240 ± 10.852 | t = -4.634 | < 0.001 |
| Age ≥ 40 yr | 115 (32.7) | 254 (49.6) | χ2 = 24.461 | < 0.001 |
| Age < 40 yr | 237 (67.3) | 258 (40.4) | ||
| Smoking history | 81 (23.0) | 174 (34.0) | χ2= 12.073 | < 0.001 |
| Drinking history | 76 (21.6) | 145 (28.3) | χ2= 4.962 | 0.027 |
| Anthropometrics | ||||
| WC in cm | 86.240 ± 9.893 | 96.790 ± 8.618 | t = -16.219 | < 0.001 |
| BMI in kg/m2 | 24.436 ± 3.169 | 28.028 ± 3.221 | t = -16.228 | < 0.001 |
| SBP in mmHg | 125.880 ± 14.883 | 133.610 ± 16.859 | t = -6.908 | < 0.001 |
| DBP in mmHg | 77.500 ± 11.658 | 82.950 ± 12.525 | t = -6.461 | < 0.001 |
| Laboratory tests | ||||
| ALT in U/L | 21.0 (15.0, 30.0) | 34.0 (24.0, 54.0) | Z = -12.276 | < 0.001 |
| AST in U/L | 19.0 (17.0, 23.0) | 23.0 (19.0, 29.0) | Z = -9.058 | < 0.001 |
| TC in mmol/L | 4.539 ± 0.847 | 4.783 ± 0.902 | t = -4.104 | < 0.001 |
| TG in mmol/L | 1.1 (0.7, 1.5) | 1.8 (1.3, 2.6) | Z = -13.650 | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C in mmol/L | 1.351 ± 0.283 | 1.191 ± 0.256 | t = 8.321 | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C in mmol/L | 2.645 ± 0.708 | 2.906 ± 0.884 | t = -4.568 | < 0.001 |
| FBG in mmol/L | 5.2 (4.9, 5.4) | 5.4 (5.1, 5.9) | Z = -7.637 | < 0.001 |
| SUA in μmol/L | 332.722 ± 86.289 | 377.836 ± 85.859 | t = -7.590 | < 0.001 |
| AIP | -0.11 (-0.30, 0.08) | 0.20 (0.03, 0.39) | Z = -14.006 | < 0.001 |
Comparison of significant differences between the two groups; χ2 value calculated by the χ2 test; Z value calculated by the Mann-Whitney U test; t value calculated by the independent samples t test. Data are presented as median and interquartile range, mean and standard deviation or frequency (percentage). MAFLD: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease; WC: Waist circumference; BMI: Body mass index; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG: Fasting blood glucose; SUA: Serum uric acid; AIP: Atherogenic index of plasma.