Table 3.
Hematological and blood chemical values of the Yellow-spotted river turtle (P. unifilis).
| Analytes | n | Mean | SD | Median | Min–max | LL (90% IC) | UL (90% IC) | p- value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCV (%) | 21 | 23.0 | 4.3 | 24.0 | 14.0–30.0 | 14.7 (12.0–17.3) | 31.4 (28.7–34.0) | 0.81 |
| TS (g/dL) | 21 | 4.05 | 0.79 | 4.10 | 2.4–5.6 | 2.51 (2.0–3.0) | 5.60 (5.0–6.0) | 0.72 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 19 | 6.38 | 1.28 | 6.70 | 4.0–8.7 | 3.88 (3.0–4.7) | 8.89 (8.0–9.7) | 0.26 |
| RBC (106/μL) | 19 | 0.165 | 0.031 | 0.163 | 0.110–0.218 | 0.11 (0.08–0.12) | 0.23 (0.20–0.24) | 0.92 |
| WBC (103/μL) | 20 | 3.33 | 1.11 | 3,413.3 | 1.332–5.162 | 1.1 (0.42–1.87) | 5.5 (4.7–6.2) | 0.66 |
| MCV (fL) | 19 | 1,413 | 318 | 1,481 | 643–1,935 | 790 (578–1,001) | 2,036 (1,824–2,248) | 0.33 |
| MCH (pg) | 17 | 388.7 | 77.2 | 363.6 | 276.9–580.0 | 237.3 (182.8–291.7) | 540.0 (485.5–594.4) | 0.30 |
| MCHC (g/dL) | 19 | 28.9 | 7.6 | 26.2 | 21.1–47.1 | 8.4 (3.7–16.6) | 42.7 (34.8–50.1) | 0.00 |
| Heterophils (%) | 21 | 54.8 | 10.4 | 52.0 | 34.0–74.0 | 34.5 (27.9–41.0) | 75.1 (68.5–81.6) | 0.39 |
| Lymphocytes (%) | 21 | 24.9 | 7.6 | 26.0 | 8.0–39.0 | 10.1 (5.3–14.8) | 39.7 (34.9–44.4) | 0.67 |
| Eosinophils (%) | 20 | 8.7 | 5.7 | 8.0 | 1.0–19.0 | 0 (0–1.2) | 19.7 (16.0–23.4) | 0.28 |
| Monocytes (%)a.b | 21 | 6.5 | 3.5 | 6.0 | 2.0–12.0 | - | - | 0.04 |
| Basophils (%) | 20 | 3.0 | 2.4 | 3 | 0–8.0 | 0.00 | 7.63 (6.0–9.1) | 0.12 |
| Azurophils (%)a.b | 21 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.0–2.0 | - | - | 0.00 |
| Heterophils (103/μL) | 20 | 1.89 | 0.84 | 1,807.08 | 0.68–3.47 | 0.25 (0–0.79) | 3.53 (2.9–4.0) | 0.21 |
| Lymphocytes (103/μL) | 20 | 0.81 | 0.34 | 779.22 | 0.29–1.42 | 0.14 (0–0.36) | 1.48 (1.2–1.7) | 0.47 |
| Eosinophils (103/μL) | 20 | 0.30 | 0.21 | 287.49 | 0.03–0.68 | 0 (0–0.03) | 0.71 (0.57–0.84) | 0.16 |
| Monocytes (103/μL) | 20 | 0.21 | 0.14 | 154.85 | 0.07–0.47 | 0 (0) | 0.49 (0.35–0.61) | 0.00 |
| Basophils (103/μL) | 16 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.00–0.25 | 0 (0) | 0.23 (0.17–0.27) | 0.12 |
| Azurophils (103/μL) b | 21 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.00–0.09 | - | - | 0.00 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 20 | 38.7 | 19.6 | 31.5 | 19.0–86.0 | 0 (0–3.09) | 74.7 (56.7–93.7) | 0.00 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 19 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 1.1–1.9 | 1.14 (1.02–1.25) | 1.81 (1.6–1.9) | 0.18 |
| ALT (U/L)b | 19 | 5.9 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 1.0–13.0 | - | - | 0.03 |
| AST (U/L)a | 19 | 95.9 | 30.3 | 87.0 | 52.0–166.0 | 19.0 (3.01–46.1) | 154.1 (125.0–184.0) | 0.04 |
| ALP (U/L) | 18 | 95.6 | 30.5 | 93.5 | 60.0–167.0 | 35.8 (14.9–56.7) | 155.3 (134.4–176.1) | 0.13 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL)a | 20 | 90.9 | 41.0 | 79.5 | 35.0–166.0 | 10.6 (0–37.1) | 171.2 (144.6–197.7) | 0.11 |
| Uric Acid (mg/dL) | 20 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 1.0–2.0 | 0.33 (0.17–0.65) | 1.90 (1.6–2.2) | 0.00 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL)a.b | 20 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.4 | - | - | 0.00 |
SD, standard deviation; LL, lower limit; UL, upper limit; CI, confidence interval; TS, total solids; RBC, red blood cell count; WBC, white blood cell count; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; MHC, mean hemoglobin concentration; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; p-value, p-value for normality test.
a
Parameters with significant differences between the sexes (P < 0.05); for specific information. see Supplementary Table 1.
b
RI and CI were not established due to the inability of the software to perform Bootstrap.