Table 4.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Chest Radiograph Features for Confirmed Intrathoracic Tuberculosis in Children by Age
| All | <2 y | 2 to < 5 y | ≥5 y | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 748 | N = 466 | N = 198 | N = 84 | |||||||||
| Sensitivity | Specificity | Sensitivity | Specificity | Sensitivity | Specificity | Sensitivity | Specificity | |||||
| n (%) | % 95% CI | % 95% CI | n (%) | % 95% CI | % 95% CI | n (%) | % 95% CI | % 95% CI | n (%) | % 95% CI | % 95% CI | |
| Any abnormality | 598 (80) | 95 (93–98) | 27 (21–33) | 379 (81) | 96 (92–99) | 24 (16–31) | 158 (80) | 95 (90–100) | 28 (17–39) | 61 (73) | 94 (87–100) | 56 (41–70) |
| Alveolar opacification | 299 (40) | 55 (44–56) | 65 (59–71) | 187 (40) | 49 (40–58) | 63 (55–72) | 76 (38) | 50 (38–62) | 67 (56–79) | 36 (43) | 52 (38–66) | 69 (56–82) |
| Enlarged perihilar lymph nodes | 64 (9) | 28 (39–52) | 95 (92–98) | 79 (17) | 53 (44–62) | 94 (90–99) | 36 (19) | 48 (36–61) | 94 (89–100) | 10 (12) | 21 (10–33) | 100 |
| Enlarged paratracheal lymph nodes | 125 (17) | 24 (19–30) | 98 (96–100) | 40 (9) | 27 (19–35) | 97 (94–100) | 14 (7) | 21 (11–31) | 99 (97–100) | 10 (12) | 21 (10–33) | 100 |
| Bronchial deviation/compression | 78 (10) | 29 (23–35) | 98 (97–100) | 61 (13) | 43 (35–52) | 98 (95–100) | 14 (7) | 20 (10–29) | 99 (97–100) | 3 (4) | 6 (0–13) | 94 (99–100) |
| Cavities | 44 (6) | 8 (9–18) | 98 (96–100) | 22 (5) | 11 (6–17) | 98 (95–100) | 6 (3) | 6 (0–12) | 98 (96–100) | 16 (19) | 29 (16–42) | 100 |
| Expansile pneumonia | 15 (2) | 5 (2–8) | 99 (98–100) | 10 (2) | 7 (3–12) | 100 | 5 (3) | 5 (0–10) | 98 (96–100) | 0 | 0 | 100 |
| Pleural effusion | 43 (6) | 9 (5–13) | 96 (94–98) | 21 (5) | 4 (1–8) | 95 (92–99) | 16 (8) | 15 (7–24) | 95 (99–100) | 6 (7) | 13 (3–22) | 100 |
This analysis was restricted to CR reads from children with confirmed and unlikely intrathoracic TB; confirmed TB was used as the diagnostic reference standard.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CR, chest radiograph; TB, tuberculosis.