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. 2022 Jan 18;9(10):nwac007. doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwac007

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© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of China Science Publishing & Media Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 4. — Optogenetic interfaces based on multiplexed waveguides. (a) A micro-optoelectrode array (MOA, bottom right) based on optically transparent and electrically conductive ZnO pillars (top) with chemically etched and ITO-coated tip (bottom left). Adapted with permission from [58]. Copyright 2015, Nature Publishing Group. (b) Multicolor photonic circuit in a Michigan-probe configuration (top), enabling optical coupling and mixing via GRIN lenses and an optical mixer, respectively. Adapted with permission from [60]. Copyright 2016, Nature Publishing Group. (c) Reconfigurable nanophotonic silicon probe based on multimode interferometer (MMI)-based switches (top), enabling individually addressable light output at desired illumination ports (bottom). Adapted with permission from [62]. Copyright 2020, Nature Publishing Group.