Table 2.
Specific clinical characteristics related to headache of patients with persistent headache after COVID-19 resolution
| Headache characteristic | Full sample (n = 42) | Diffusion MRI sample (n = 40) |
|---|---|---|
| Phenotype, migraine/TTH/other | 20/13/9 (47.6/31.0/21.4%) | 20/12/8 (50/30/20%) |
| Mean intensity (1–10) | 7.3 ± 1.6 | 7.4 ± 1.6 |
| Anosmia | 22 (52.4%) | 21 (52.5%) |
| Location | ||
| Hemicranial | 10 (23.8%) | 9 (22.5%) |
| Holocranial | 31 (73.8%) | 30 (75%) |
| Quality | ||
| Pressing | 30 (71.4%) | 28 (70%) |
| Throbbing | 20 (47.6%) | 20 (50%) |
| Burning | 1 (2.4%) | 1 (2.5%) |
| Symptoms during headache | ||
| Photo- and phonophobia | 21 (50%) | 20 (50%) |
| Nausea or vomiting | 16 (38.1%) | 16 (40%) |
| Aggravated by movement | 22 (52.4%) | 21 (52.5%) |
Mean intensity was expressed as mean ± SD. The phenotype other does not adhere to migraine or TTH following ICHD-3 guidelines. TTH = tension-type-headache. Anosmia was not a characteristic directly related to headache, but it was included due to its relationship with COVID-19