TABLE 3.

Roles of LSD1 in drug resistance of BC.

Resistant agents		Complexes/pathways	Target genes	Functions	References
Chemotherapy	Paclitaxel	CAC1/LSD1/ER	TFF1, TERB	Promoting paclitaxel	Kim et al. (2013)
		LSD1S111/PKC-θ	JUNB, KLF10, KLF6, and CCL2	Resistance	Boulding et al. (2018)
	Doxorubicin	—	—	Enhancing BC stemness	Verigos et al. (2019)
	Doxorubicin, cisplatin, daunorubicin, and methotrexate	CBP/LSD1	ABCC1 and ABCC10	Promoting drug efflux	Strachowska et al., (2021); Sobczak et al., (2022)
Hormone therapy	Tamoxifen	LSD1/PELP1/ER	GREB1C, Aromatase	Promoting BC hormone resistance	Cortez et al. (2012)
		LSD1/ER	ER	Activating ER transcriptional activity	Benedetti et al. (2019)
Immunotherapy	PD-1 antibody	—	CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10, and PD-L1	Reducing efficacy of PD-1 antibody	Qin et al. (2019)
		EOMES/LSD1	Mф polarization genes	Reducing immune Cell infiltration and increasing checkpoint markers	Qin et al., (2019); Tu et al., (2020)
Targeted therapy	BRD4 inhibitors	BRD4/LSD1/NuRD	GNA13 and PDPK1	Promoting JQ1 resistance	Liu et al. (2022)