Table 3.
Demographic and clinical data between CD patients with and without CI.
| Total | With CI | Without CI | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 68 | 42 | 26 | - |
| Sex (M/F) | 23/45 | 13/29 | 10/16 | 0.525 |
| Age (years) | 45.22 ± 12.61 | 48.45 ± 12.62 | 40.00 ± 10.91 | 0.006* |
| Age of onset (years) | 40.76 ± 12.30 | 43.79 ± 12.16 | 35.87 ± 11.08 | 0.009* |
| Education (years) | 11.78 ± 3.26 | 10.62 ± 3.21 | 13.65 ± 2.40 | <0.001* |
| Disease duration (years) | 4.46 ± 4.41 | 4.66 ± 4.48 | 4.13 ± 4.35 | 0.633 |
| TWSTRS | 32.10 ± 12.58 | 37.51 ± 11.79 | 23.36 ± 8.23 | <0.001* |
| Severity | 17.09 ± 4.89 | 19.29 ± 4.37 | 13.54 ± 3.41 | <0.001* |
| Disability | 11.32 ± 6.42 | 13.52 ± 6.47 | 7.77 ± 4.54 | <0.001* |
| Pain | 3.68 ± 3.69 | 4.70 ± 3.84 | 2.05 ± 2.80 | 0.003* |
| ESS | 3.25 ± 3.85 | 3.29 ± 3.55 | 3.19 ± 4.37 | 0.923 |
| FSS | 24.03 ± 15.77 | 23.14 ± 16.03 | 25.46 ± 15.54 | 0.560 |
| HAMA | 6.90 ± 4.63 | 6.69 ± 4.51 | 7.23 ± 4.90 | 0.644 |
| HAMD | 7.82 ± 5.72 | 7.90 ± 5.94 | 7.69 ± 5.45 | 0.883 |
| BDI | 5.41 ± 4.43 | 5.17 ± 4.64 | 5.81 ± 4.13 | 0.566 |
CD, cervical dystonia; CI, cognitive impairment; M, male; F, female; TWSTRS, the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; FSS, Fatigue Severity Scale; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Scale; HAMA, Hamilton Anxiety Scale; BDI, Beck Depression Inventory.
*
Significant difference.