Table 2.

Outcome measures explored by the included studies, mapped onto the Institute of Medicine health care quality framework [15].

	Safety				Effectiveness		Efficiency
Study, year	Patient safety events	Medication safety	Data sharing, accuracy, and errors	Care effectiveness		Productivity		Cost savings
Reed et al [34], 2020	✓a			✓
Wong et al [35], 2020			✓
Howe et al [38], 2018	✓	✓
Biltoft et al [40], 2018	✓	✓	✓					✓
D’Amore et al [36], 2018		✓	✓
Adams et al [39], 2017	✓	✓
Elysee et al [31], 2017			✓
Motulsky et al [32], 2016		✓	✓
Akbarov et al [37], 2015		✓
Munck et al [42], 2016		✓				✓
Koldby et al [41], 2013	✓					✓
Lee et al [33], 2013	✓					✓

^a✓: denotes that the specified outcome measure was present and explored in the study.