Table 2.
The patient characteristics of the prospective pre-COVID and COVID cohorts (n = 176)
| Pre-COVID cohort (n = 96) | COVID cohort (n = 80) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| A: Baseline characteristics | |||
| Demography | |||
| Age | 73 (59–80) | 73 (58–79) | 0.966 |
| Female | 52 (54) | 32 (40) | 0.070 |
| Male | 44 (46) | 48 (60) | 0.070 |
| Comorbidity | |||
| Cardiovascular disease | 48 (50) | 42 (53) | 0.764 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11 (11) | 11 (14) | 0.655 |
| Asthma/COPD | 38 (40) | 42 (53) | 0.096 |
| Kidney disease | 15 (16) | 7 (9) | 0.252 |
| Previous smoker | 43 (45) | 47 (59) | 0.071 |
| Current smoker | 20 (21) | 16 (20) | > 0.999 |
| Vaccine status | |||
| Influenza virusa | 58 (60) | 45 (56) | 0.646 |
| Pneumococcal | 28 (29) | 34 (43) | 0.081 |
| B: Severity and outcome | |||
| Severity scoreb | |||
| CURB-65 | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 0.296 |
| PSI | 93 (71–111)c | 91 (65–114) | 0.864 |
| Outcome | |||
| Length of stay (days) | 3.1 (2.0–5.0) | 3.1 (2.0–6.1) | 0.747 |
| HDU or ICU admission | 10 (10) | 10 (13) | 0.812 |
| Case fatality rate | |||
| In-hospital | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | > 0.999 |
| 30 days | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | > 0.999 |
| 60 days | 4 (4) | 1 (1) | 0.378 |
Data shown as count (%) or median (IQR). P-values are calculated with Mann-Whitney’s U test and Fisher’s exact test, comparing the pre-COVID cohort with the COVID cohort
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CURB-65 confusion, urea, respiratory rate, blood pressure, age ≥ 65 years, PSI pneumonia severity index, HDU high dependency unit, ICU intensive care unit, IQR interquartile range, CAP community acquired pneumonia
aVaccinated for influenza virus with the latest vaccine
bOnly performed in for CAP patients
cMissing for five CAP patients