Table 1.
Baseline and procedural characteristics of study participants by repair and replace
| MVr (n = 85) | MVR (n = 98) | *P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 56 (42–70) | 60 (46–69) | 0.5756 |
| Gender, females | 28 (32.9) | 34 (34.7) | 0.803 |
| BMI | 24 (21–27) | 23 (21–27) | 0.7034 |
| CCS class 3–4 angina | 5 (5.9) | 3 (3.1) | 0.475 |
| NYHA ≥ 3 | 30 (35.3) | 42 (42.9) | 0.296 |
| MI within 90 days of surgery | 2 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0.214 |
| Previous cardiac surgery | 7 (8.2) | 9 (9.2) | 0.821 |
| Diabetes | 7 (8.2) | 13 (13.3) | 0.277 |
| Hypertension | 35 (41.2) | 41 (42.3) | 0.935 |
| Current smoker | 17 (20.0) | 24 (24.5) | 0.468 |
| History of dialysis | 7 (8.6) | 9 (9.8) | 0.796 |
| History of respiratory disease | 6 (7.1) | 16 (16.3) | 0.055 |
| History of stroke/TIA | 14 (16.5) | 25 (25.5) | 0.136 |
| Extracardiac arteriopathy | 2 (2.4) | 6 (6.2) | 0.287 |
| Non-SR on admission | 9 (10.6) | 11 (11.2) | 0.891 |
| LVEF | |||
| > 50% | 64 (75.3) | 66 (67.4) | 0.388 |
| 31–50% | 20 (23.5) | 28 (28.6) | |
| ≤ 30% | 1 (1.2) | 4 (4.1) | |
| Logistic EuroSCORE | 8 (4–18) | 15 (6–29) | 0.0007 |
| Urgency | |||
| Elective | 23 (27.1) | 8 (8.2) | 0.002 |
| Urgent | 45 (52.9) | 62 (63.3) | |
| Emergency | 16 (18.8) | 28 (28.6) | |
| Salvage | 1 (1.2) | 0 (0) | |
| Concomitant cardiac surgery | |||
| Valve alone | 63 (74.1) | 80 (81.6) | 0.329 |
| Valve + CABG | 8 (9.4) | 4 (4.1) | |
| Valve + other^ | 13 (15.3) | 11 (11.2) | |
| Valve + CABG + other^ | 1 (1.2) | 3 (3.1) | |
| Active IE | 51 (60.0) | 84 (85.7) | < 0.0001 |
| MV Regurgitation | 84 (98.8) | 92 (94.9) | 0.374 |
| Concomitant valve surgery | |||
| Mitral only | 71 (83.5) | 72 (73.5) | 0.205 |
| Mitral + Aortic | 12 (14.1) | 19 (19.4) | |
| Mitral + Tricuspid | 2 (2.4) | 3 (3.1) | |
| Mitral + Aortic + Tricuspid | 0 (0) | 4 (4.1) | |
| Cumulative cross clamp time | 76 (55–98) | 82 (64–106) | 0.1476 |
| Cumulative bypass time | 103 (75–123) | 111 (85–145) | 0.0561 |
| Later year of surgery (early 2005–2012 vs late 2013–2021) | 53 (62.4) | 62 (63.3) | 0.899 |
Data presented are median (IQR) or number (percentage), where appropriate
Statistical significance (p < 0.05) was denoted by bolded values
MVr mitral valve repair, MVR mitral valve replacement, CCS Canadian Cardiovascular Society, NYHA New York Heart Association, MI myocardial infarction, TIA transient ischaemic attack, SR sinus rhythm, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, CABG coronary artery bypass graft, IE infective endocarditis, MV mitral valve
*P value was based on chi-square, Fisher’s exact test or Mann–Whitney U test where appropriate
^Other cardiac procedures in descending order of frequency were ASD closures, VSD closures, LA appendage occlusion, and pericardiectomies