Table 2.
Mean differences in costs (in €2020) and outcomes (SA days) between treatment arms. [ACT=acceptance and commitment therapy; CI=confidence interval; SA=sickness absence (negative SA days indicate improvement in health outcome (reduction in sickness absence), more SA days is less favorable); SED=stress-induced exhaustion disorder; TAU=treatment as usual; WDI=work dialog intervention]
| Difference in | ACT vs TAU | WDI vs TAU | ACT+WDI vs TAU | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|||
| Estimate (95% CI) | Estimate (95% CI) | Estimate (95% CI) | |||
| All participants, N=264 | |||||
| Over 1 year | Cost type | Healthcare | -928.75 (-1586.17‒15.44) | 55.25 (-685.86‒1211.44) | -782.01 (-1600.05‒65.92) |
| Benefits | 209.18 (-1982.08‒2400.45) | 862.38 (-1452.58‒3177.35) | 1242.89 (-974.98‒3460.77) | ||
| Intervention | 297 | 358 | 652 | ||
| Outcome | SA days | 9.84 (-22.48‒42.16) | 14.86 (-19.29‒49.00) | 24.45 (-8.26‒57.17) | |
| Over 2 years | Cost type | Healthcare | -805.93 (-4480.13‒24.14) | -467.28 (-2616.48‒1599.93) | -863.3 (-3944.10‒102.51) |
| Benefits | 553.74 (-3644.98‒4752.45) | 1815.74 (-2620.00‒6251.49) | 1661.95 (-2587.76‒5911.65) | ||
| Intervention | 297 | 358 | 652 | ||
| Outcome | SA days | 19.62 (-44.76‒84.01) | 34.17 (-33.85‒102.19) | 37.29 (-27.88‒102.45) | |
| Participants with depression or anxiety disorder, N=107 | |||||
| Over 1 year | Cost type | Healthcare | -1726.42 a (-2933.23‒-483.28) | 702.36 (-830.64‒2324.99) | -593.87 (-2142.56‒999.14) |
| Benefits | 1057.32 (-2468.31‒4582.94) | 3378.73 (-635.79‒7393.25) | 1903.80 (-1733.03‒5540.63) | ||
| Intervention | 297 | 358 | 652 | ||
| Outcome | SA days | 21.18 (-32.13‒74.49) | 55.68 (-5.02‒116.38) | 37.86 (-17.13‒92.85) | |
| Over 2 years | Cost type | Healthcare | -1839.10a (-7984.58‒-110.22) | -1172.08 (-4822.59‒3007.78) | -1920.85 (-7509.29‒777.40) |
| Benefits | 917.97 (-5947.64‒7783.58) | 7636.86 (-180.80‒15454.52) | 2945.39 (-4136.78‒10027.55) | ||
| Intervention | 297 | 358 | 652 | ||
| Outcome | SA days | 25.08 (-82.83‒132.99) | 132.87 a (9.99‒255.74) | 59.72 (-51.59‒171.04) | |
| Participants with stress-induced exhaustion disorder, N= 57 | |||||
| Over 1 year | Cost type | Healthcare | -380.54 (-1262.71‒575.78) | -375.39 (-1142.65‒494.65) | -1010.13a (-1940.73‒-275.78) |
| Benefits | -646.15 (-3527.36‒2235.06) | -1270.81 (-4199.63‒1658.02) | 641.06 (-2196.29‒3478.42) | ||
| Intervention | 297 | 358 | 652 | ||
| Outcome | SA days | 0.12 (-41.56‒41.79) | -17.95 (-60.31‒24.41) | 15.49 (-25.55‒56.53) | |
| Over 2 years | Cost type | Healthcare | 9.19 (-1895.32‒1176.56) | 107.73 (-1766.70‒980.60) | 74.18 (-2494.04‒156.54) |
| Benefits | -295.53 (-5660.89‒5069.84) | -2837.14 (-8291.17‒2616.89) | 432.61 (-4851.08‒5716.31) | ||
| Intervention | 297 | 358 | 652 | ||
| Outcome | SA days | 10.93 (-69.44‒91.29) | -40.89 (-122.58‒40.80) | 21.41 (-57.72‒100.55) |
a
P<0.05.