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. 2022 Sep 16;10:986233. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.986233

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Copyright © 2022 Chen, Shen, Wang, Gu, Zhao, Lin, Liu, Cai, Mushtaq, Jia, Wan and Yan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Strategies for CRISPR-based non-nucleic-acid detection. (A) Locked fDNA in the presence of a small molecule, one strand binds to it. It releases another complementary DNA strand to participate in the detection reaction (B) The DNAzyme starts in an inactive state and activates its cleavage ability with the involvement of specific ions, thus releasing short strands of DNA to participate in the detection system. (C) Left: Non-nucleic acid as antigen, linked to the CRISPR/Cas system and antibody (yellow)-antigen (green)-antibody (red) structure by a nucleic acid sequence containing the T7 promoter. Right: DNA-AuNP is used instead of antibody and is directly involved in the assay reaction. (D) Immobilized aTF-dsDNA complexes containing CRISPR target sequences change the conformation in the presence of aTF target small molecules, resulting in the release of dsDNA.