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. 2022 Sep 30;611(7934):115–123. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05165-3

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© The Author(s) 2022, corrected publication 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Extended Data Fig. 1 — Study workflow and rationale. EUR: European; EAS: East-Asian; AFR: African; HIS: Hispanic; SAS: South Asian; AS: any stroke; AIS: any ischaemic stroke; LAS: large artery stroke; CES: cardioembolic stroke; SVS: small vessel stroke; GWAS: genome-wide association study; IVW: inverse-variance weighted; MR-MEGA: meta-regression of multi-ethnic genetic association; COJO:conditional and joint analysis; VEGAS2:versatile gene-based association study 2; MTAG: multi-trait analysis of GWAS; TWAS: Transcriptome-wide association study; coloc: Colocalisation Test; PWAS: Proteome-wide association studies; pQTL-MR: protein quantitative trait loci Mendelian Randomization; SuSiE: sum of single effects model; MENTR: Mutation Effect prediction on Non-coding RNA TRanscription; PIP: posterior probability; FDR: false discovery rate; LDSC-COV: covariate-adjusted LD score regression; MR-Egger: Mendelian randomization-Egger; GREP: genome for REPositioning drugs; ATC: Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical; P+T: pruning and thresholding; PRScs: polygenic risk score under continuous shrinkage; BBJ: Biobank Japan; TIMI: thrombolysis in myocardial infarction; MVP: Million Veteran Program; SIREN: Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network.