Table.
Characteristics of MDR-TB household contacts who are caregivers (n = 299) and unadjusted associations between caregiver factors and their willingness in having their children take MDR-TB preventive therapy
| Caregiver/guardian variables | Caregivers N = 299 n (%) | Willingness to have children take TPT n/N (%)* | OR† (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Age, years, median [IQR]‡ | 35 [27–48] | — | 0.98 (0.95–1.01) | 0.261 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 224 (74.9) | 210/224 (93.8) | 1.50 (0.63–3.60) | 0.364 |
| Male | 75 (25.1) | 68/74 (90.7) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Education level | ||||
| Secondary education or greater | 180 (60.2) | 168/180 (93.3) | 1.36 (0.49–3.75) | 0.550 |
| None or primary school | 119 (39.8) | 110/119 (92.4) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Currently employed or in school | ||||
| Yes | 119 (39.8) | 109/119 (91.6) | 0.77 (0.37–1.62) | 0.497 |
| No (reference) | 180 (60.2) | 169/180 (93.9) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Perceived susceptibility to and severity of MDR-TB | ||||
| TB-related knowledge§ | ||||
| Appropriate | 232 (77.6) | 223/232 (96.1) | 5.06 (2.26–11.31)¶ | <0.001¶ |
| Incomplete | 67 (22.4) | 55/67 (82.1) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Can die of MDR-TB without treatment | ||||
| Yes | 280 (93.7) | 264/280 (94.3) | 5.19 (1.15–23.41)¶ | 0.032¶ |
| No/don’t know | 19 (6.4) | 14/19 (73.7) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Concerned about child getting MDR-TB from index case | ||||
| Yes | 238 (79.6) | 201/208 (96.6) | 4.45 (1.60–12.41)¶ | 0.004¶ |
| No/neutral | 61 (20.4) | 77/91 (84.6) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Belief that TB is a serious problem in community | ||||
| Yes | 204 (68.2) | 194/204 (95.1) | 2.39 (0.95–5.98) | 0.064 |
| No/neutral | 95 (31.8) | 84/95 (88.4) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Perception of how person with TB in community is treated | ||||
| Most people in community reject person with TB | 68 (22.7) | 61/68 (89.7) | 0.89 (0.30–2.62) | 0.830 |
| Most people are friendly but avoid/mostly supportive | 231 (77.3) | 217/231 (93.9) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Barriers and enablers to preventive therapy | ||||
| Comfortable telling family about preventive therapy | ||||
| Yes | 217 (72.6) | 210/217 (96.8) | 5.47 (2.09–14.32)¶ | 0.001¶ |
| No/neutral | 82 (27.4) | 68/82 (82.9) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Confident in ability to properly take preventive therapy# | ||||
| Yes | 188 (62.9) | 182/188 (96.8) | 4.53 (1.63–12.62)¶ | 0.004¶ |
| No/neutral | 111 (37.1) | 96/111 (86.5) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Willing to obtain all prerequisite tests | ||||
| Yes | 283 (94.7) | 268/283 (94.7) | 10.23 (2.73–38.29)¶ | 0.001¶ |
| No | 16 (5.4) | 10/16 (62.5) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Willing to take preventive therapy self | ||||
| Yes | 266 (89.0) | 260/266 (97.7) | 35.14 (10.95–112.75)¶ | <0.001¶ |
| No/not sure | 33 (11.0) | 18/33 (54.6) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Medical and social history | ||||
| Any current TB-related symptoms | ||||
| Yes | 60 (20.1) | 54/60 (90.0) | 0.70 (0.28–1.77) | 0.453 |
| No | 239 (79.9) | 224/239 (93.7) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Alcohol use in past 12 months | ||||
| Yes | 22 (7.4) | 21/22 (95.5) | 1.42 (0.48–4.24) | 0.529 |
| No/refused to answer | 277 (92.6) | 257/277 (92.8) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Drug use: ever used in past 12 months | ||||
| Yes | 20 (6.7) | 19/20 (95.0) | 1.32 (0.36–4.79) | 0.676 |
| No/refused to answer | 279 (93.3) | 259/279 (92.8) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Previously treated for TB | ||||
| Yes | 38 (12.7) | 36/38 (94.7) | 1.22 (0.36–4.13) | 0.754 |
| No/unknown | 261 (87.3) | 242/261 (92.7) | 1.0 (reference) |
Number of caregivers willing to give children MDR-TB preventive therapy/total number of caregivers.
Logistic models fit using GEE to account for household-level clustering; unadjusted for clinical research site or other household contact-level factors.
OR is per year of age.
Binary variable where “appropriate” knowledge was defined as correctly answering 4 questions about TB symptoms, transmission, treatment; incomplete was defined as incorrectly answering ≥1 question.
Statistically significant.
Confidence in ability to properly take TPT: defined as feeling confident or very confident (5-point Likert scale) in being able to perform all 5 of the following: meeting monthly to take medications, coping with medication difficulties, taking all doses, continuing to take medications even if feeling healthy, and completing medications.
MDR-TB = multidrug-resistant TB; TPT = TB preventive therapy; OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval; IQR = interquartile range; GEE = generalised estimating equations.