Table 6: US Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services approved indications for left ventricular assist device support: Bridge to transplantation or destination therapy.

LV ejection fraction ≤25% Peak oxygen consumption ≤14 mL/kg/min or unable to perform test NYHA class IV heart failure CI <2.2 L/min/m2, while not on inotropes, and meet one of the following: are on OMT, based on current guidelines for at least 45 out of the last 60 days and are failing to respond, or have advanced heart failure for at least 14 days and are dependent on IABP or similar temporary MCS for at least 7 days

CI = cardiac index; IABP = intra-aortic balloon pump; LV = left ventricle; OMT = optimal medical therapy; MCS = mechanical circulatory support; NYHA = New York Heart Association.