Table 2.
Theory of TCMC and participant lifestyle characteristics.
| Characteristics | Total (n = 2760) | Normal constitution | Unbalanced constitution types | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balanced | Yang deficiency | Yin deficiency | Phlegm stasis | ||||||
| No (n = 2020) | Yes (n = 740) | No (n = 2261) | Yes (n = 499) | No (n = 2176) | Yes (n = 584) | No (n = 2400) | Yes (n = 360) | ||
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||||
| Alcohol consumption | |||||||||
| No | 2536 (91.9) | 684 (92.4) | 1852 (91.7) | 2075 (91.8) | 461 (92.4) | 1999 (91.9) | 537 (92.0) | 2207 (92.0) | 329 (91.4) |
| Yes | 224 (8.1) | 56 (7.6) | 168 (8.3) | 186 (8.2) | 38 (7.6) | 177 (8.1) | 47 (8.0) | 193 (8.0) | 31 (8.6) |
| Cigarette smoking | |||||||||
| No | 2037 (73.8) | 567 (76.6) | 1470 (72.8) | 1657 (73.3) | 380 (76.2) | 1591 (73.1) | 446 (76.4) | 1764 (73.5) | 273 (75.8) |
| Yes | 723 (26.2) | 173 (23.4) | 550 (27.2) | 604 (26.7) | 119 (23.8) | 585 (26.9) | 138 (23.6) | 636 (26.5) | 87 (24.2) |
| Betel nut consumption | |||||||||
| No | 2628 (95.2) | 709 (95.8) | 1919 (95.0) | 2148 (95.0) | 480 (96.2) | 2066 (94.9) | 562 (96.2) | 2284 (95.2) | 344 (95.6) |
| Yes | 132 (4.8) | 31 (4.2) | 101 (5.0) | 113 (5.0) | 19 (3.8) | 110 (5.1) | 22 (3.8) | 116 (4.8) | 16 (4.4) |
| Exercise | |||||||||
| No | 1059 (54.7) | 453 (61.2) | 964 (47.7) | 1186 (52.5) | 323 (64.7) | 1158 (53.2) | 351 (60.1) | 1266 (52.8) | 243 (67.5) |
| Yes | 1251 (45.3) | 287 (38.8) | 1056 (52.3) | 1075 (47.5) | 176 (35.3) | 1018 (46.8) | 233 (39.9) | 1134 (47.3) | 117 (32.5) |
| Tea drinking | |||||||||
| No | 1669 (60.5) | 469 (63.4) | 1200 (59.4) | 1345 (59.5) | 324 (64.9) | 1285 (59.1) | 384 (65.8) | 1446 (60.3) | 223 (61.9) |
| Yes | 1091 (39.5) | 271 (36.6) | 820 (40.6) | 916 (40.5) | 175 (35.1) | 891 (40.9) | 200 (34.2) | 954 (39.8) | 137 (38.1) |
| Coffee drinking | |||||||||
| No | 1881 (68.2) | 489 (66.1) | 1392 (68.9) | 1556 (68.8) | 325 (65.1) | 1487 (68.3) | 394 (67.5) | 1650 (68.8) | 231 (64.2) |
| Yes | 879 (31.8) | 251 (33.9) | 628 (31.1) | 705 (31.2) | 174 (34.9) | 689 (31.7) | 190 (32.5) | 750 (31.3) | 129 (35.8) |
| Vegetarian diet | |||||||||
| No | 2491 (90.3) | 665 (89.9) | 1826 (90.4) | 2044 (90.4) | 447 (89.6) | 1961 (90.1) | 530 (90.8) | 2167 (90.3) | 324 (90.0) |
| Yes | 269 (9.7) | 75 (10.1) | 194 (9.6) | 217 (9.6) | 52 (10.4) | 215 (9.9) | 54 (9.2) | 233 (9.7) | 36 (10.0) |
| Midnight snack consumption | |||||||||
| No | 1962 (71.1) | 479 (64.7) | 1483 (73.4) | 1650 (73.0) | 312 (62.5) | 1576 (72.4) | 386 (66.1) | 1743 (72.6) | 219 (60.8) |
| Yes | 798 (28.9) | 261 (35.3) | 537 (26.6) | 611 (27.0) | 187 (37.5) | 600 (27.6) | 198 (33.9) | 657 (27.4) | 141 (39.2) |
| Dietary supplement consumption | |||||||||
| No | 1221 (44.3) | 315 (42.6) | 906 (44.9) | 1008 (44.6) | 213 (42.7) | 973 (44.7) | 248 (42.5) | 1073 (44.7) | 148 (41.1) |
| Yes | 1538 (55.7) | 425 (57.4) | 1113 (55.1) | 1252 (55.4) | 286 (57.3) | 1202 (55.3) | 336 (57.5) | 1326 (55.3) | 212 (58.9) |
n = number, TCMC = traditional Chinese medicine constitution.