Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| No. | Author | Mindfulness group | Control group | Disease type | Jada scores | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | Age (yr) | Female (n) | Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Methods | Number | Age (yr) | Female (n) | Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Methods | ||||
| 1 | Norman 2018 | 22 | 76.5 (45−90), median (range) | 11 | 131.6 ± 17.3 | A structured 8-wk mindfulness-based educational and training programme | 18 | 75.0 (53−84), median (range) | 6 | 123.9 ± 15.4 | Usual care | Chronic heart failure | 4 |
| 2 | Freedenberg 2017 | 26 | 14.8 ± 1.7 | 18 | – | Short session (90 min) of once a week for 6 wk | 20 | 14.8 ± 1.7 | 11 | – | usual care | Adolescents with cardiac diseases | 3 |
| 3 | Younge 2015 | 215 | 43.2 ± 14.1 | 95 | 128 ± 16 | 12-wk online mindfulness training | 109 | 43.2 ± 13.7 | 55 | 125 ± 15 | Usual care | Heart disease | 4 |
| 4 | Parswani 2013 | 15 | 47.27 ± 12.15 | 0 | – | Once a week, with each session lasting for 1 to 1.5 h over 8 to 10 wk duration | 15 | 50.6 ± 8.21 | 0 | – | Usual care | Coronary heart disease | 3 |
| 5 | Tacón 2003 | 9 | 60.5 (48–74), median (range) | 9 | – | 2 h of each session, each week (1 night) for 8 wk | 9 | 60.5 (48–74), median (range) | 9 | – | Usual care | Heart disease | 3 |