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. 2022 Aug 8;6(10):1438–1448. doi: 10.1038/s41559-022-01835-7

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Extended Data Fig. 3 — Expression patterns and subcellular localizations of RFa, PRGa, QWa, and HIRa of N. vectensis. a, Upper panels are side views of juvenile polyps stained by neuropeptide antibodies. Middle and lower panels show the neuronal morphologies and subcellular distributions of neuropeptides at higher magnification. Unipolar neurons with sensory cilia are located at the tentacle tip (RFa, PRGa, QWa) or the pharyngeal endomesoderm (HIRa). Multipolar neurons form subepithelial neural network (SNN) at the body column. b, Side views of late planula larvae (oral side: top). Neuropeptide-expressing neurons become visible from the larval stages. The neurons store neuropeptide-containing vesicle mainly at their cell bodies, or they do not have functional neurites, suggesting their neuroendocrine cell-like functions. Asterisks indicate oral positions. Large and small scale bars are 100 μm and 10 μm, respectively.